He Jinlong, Cui Zhen, Zhu Yi
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
Med Rev (2021). 2021 Oct 21;1(1):78-91. doi: 10.1515/mr-2021-0005. eCollection 2021 Oct.
Caveolae, the specialized cell-surface plasma membrane invaginations which are abundant in endothelial cells, play critical roles in regulating various cellular processes, including cholesterol homeostasis, nitric oxide production, and signal transduction. Endothelial caveolae serve as a membrane platform for compartmentalization, modulation, and integration of signal events associated with endothelial nitric oxide synthase, ATP synthase β, and integrins, which are involved in the regulation of endothelial dysfunction and related cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis and hypertension. Furthermore, these dynamic microdomains on cell membrane are modulated by various extracellular stimuli, including cholesterol and flow shear stress. In this brief review, we summarize the critical roles of caveolae in the orchestration of endothelial function based on recent findings as well as our work over the past two decades.
小窝是内皮细胞中丰富的特殊细胞表面质膜内陷结构，在调节各种细胞过程中发挥关键作用，包括胆固醇稳态、一氧化氮生成和信号转导。内皮小窝作为一个膜平台，用于与内皮型一氧化氮合酶、ATP合酶β和整合素相关的信号事件的分隔、调节和整合，这些信号事件参与内皮功能障碍及相关心血管疾病（如动脉粥样硬化和高血压）的调节。此外，细胞膜上的这些动态微区受到各种细胞外刺激的调节，包括胆固醇和血流切应力。在这篇简短的综述中，我们基于最近的研究结果以及我们过去二十年的工作，总结了小窝在内皮功能协调中的关键作用。
