Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
J Prim Care Community Health. 2023 Jan-Dec;14:21501319231199958. doi: 10.1177/21501319231199958.
Previous studies have shown that manual workers use less psychotherapy than non-manual workers. However, little is known about the match between the use and the need of psychotherapy in different occupational grades. Our study investigates how the prevalence of mental distress corresponds to psychotherapy use rate in different occupational grades by gender.
The data were collected from the Rise of Mental Vulnerability Study (use of psychotherapy) and the FinHealth 2017 Study (prevalence of mental distress). Adjusting for age, we calculated General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) caseness (a measure for mental distress), a 3-year psychotherapy use rate, and the ratio between GHQ caseness and the psychotherapy use rate in 3 occupational grades (upper non-manual employees, lower non-manual employees, and manual workers) for men and women separately.
In men, for 1 person having used psychotherapy there were 10 persons experiencing mental distress in upper non-manual workers, 14 in lower non-manual workers, and 31 in manual workers. In women, for 1 person having used psychotherapy, there were 6 persons experiencing mental distress in upper non-manual workers, 9 in lower non-manual workers, and 18 in manual workers.
At the population level, manual employees use considerably less long-term psychotherapy than upper non-manual workers although their level of mental distress is high. This indicates a mismatch between symptoms and therapy, which was higher for men in all occupational grades.
先前的研究表明，体力劳动者接受的心理治疗比非体力劳动者少。然而，对于不同职业等级的心理治疗使用与需求之间的匹配情况知之甚少。我们的研究通过性别调查了不同职业等级的精神困扰患病率与心理治疗使用率之间的关系。
该数据来自精神脆弱性研究（心理治疗的使用）和 2017 年芬兰健康研究（精神困扰的患病率）。在调整年龄后，我们计算了一般健康问卷（GHQ-12）病例数（精神困扰的衡量标准）、3 年心理治疗使用率，以及 3 个职业等级（高级非体力劳动者、低级非体力劳动者和体力劳动者）中的 GHQ 病例数与心理治疗使用率之间的比例，分别为男性和女性。
在男性中，每有 1 人使用心理治疗，高级非体力劳动者中有 10 人出现精神困扰，低级非体力劳动者中有 14 人，体力劳动者中有 31 人。在女性中，每有 1 人使用心理治疗，高级非体力劳动者中有 6 人出现精神困扰，低级非体力劳动者中有 9 人，体力劳动者中有 18 人。
在人群水平上，体力劳动者接受的长期心理治疗明显少于高级非体力劳动者，尽管他们的精神困扰水平较高。这表明症状与治疗之间存在不匹配，在所有职业等级中，男性的这种不匹配更为严重。
