Programa de Pós-graduação Associado em Fonoaudiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN - Natal (RN), Brasil.
Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB - João Pessoa (PB), Brasil.
Codas. 2023 Sep 15;35(6):e20220189. doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/20232022189. eCollection 2023.
The purpose of this study is to characterize the phonological skills of low-income preschool children in a city in the Natal in the Northeast, Brazil.
The researchers assessed the phonological skills of 90 children (from 5 to 6:11) in early childhood education in three public schools located in regions of social and economic vulnerability. The evaluators used the phonology subtests of the Test of Childhood language (ABFW) children's language test. In addition to performing the standard analysis they examined the following: Phonological Processes (PP), Percentage of Correct Consonants (PCC), Percentage of Correct Consonants Revised (PCC-R), and Process Density Index (PDI). The Spearman's Correlation Coefficient test was used to analyze for correlations among the PCC, PCC-R, and PDI.
According to the cutoff values of children who speak Brazilian Portuguese (BP), adequacy of the PCC and PCC-R values was observed in most participants (PCC: 82 children - 91.1%; PCC-R: 87 children - 94.6%). The processes of liquid simplification (LS), consonant clusters simplification (CCS), final consonant simplification (FCS) were productive of which the CCS (32.2%) and FCS (20%) are still expected for age and LS are not. There was a robust negative correlation between the variables PCC x PDI and PCC-R x PDI.
Most children showed adequate phonological development. Variations were observed in syllabic segments, especially in the coda, which reflect the influence of regional linguistic differences. The evidence obtained regarding the phonological performance of children within this region contributes to a more accurate speech-language diagnosis.
本研究旨在描绘巴西东北部纳塔尔市（Natal）低收入学龄前儿童的语音技能特征。
研究人员评估了 90 名（5 至 6 岁 11 个月）来自三所位于社会和经济弱势地区的公立学校的学前教育儿童的语音技能。评估员使用儿童语言测试的语音子测试（ABFW）。除了进行标准分析外，他们还检查了以下内容：语音过程（PP）、正确辅音百分比（PCC）、修订后正确辅音百分比（PCC-R）和过程密度指数（PDI）。使用 Spearman 相关系数检验分析 PCC、PCC-R 和 PDI 之间的相关性。
根据讲巴西葡萄牙语（BP）的儿童的临界值，大多数参与者的 PCC 和 PCC-R 值都足够（PCC：82 名儿童-91.1%；PCC-R：87 名儿童-94.6%）。液态简化（LS）、辅音群简化（CCS）、结尾辅音简化（FCS）这三个语音过程是有产出的，其中 CCS（32.2%）和 FCS（20%）仍然符合年龄预期，而 LS 则不符合。PCC 和 PDI 之间以及 PCC-R 和 PDI 之间存在强负相关。
大多数儿童表现出足够的语音发展。在音节段，尤其是在词尾，观察到了变化，这反映了区域语言差异的影响。该地区儿童语音表现的证据有助于更准确的言语-语言诊断。
