Int J Prosthodont. 2024 Jun 21(3):327-338. doi: 10.11607/ijp.8278.
To evaluate the impact of removable partial dentures (RPDs) on masticatory performance (MP) of partially edentulous subjects.
Electronic database and hand searches were conducted to explore clinical trials reporting the evidence of the effect of metal- and acrylic-based RPDs on mastication. The validated objective and subjective measures of assessment of mastication were included. The article selection, data extraction, and assessment of risk of bias were conducted by two reviewers independently.
Out of 11,200 studies, 1 randomized controlled trial and 23 clinical trials met the inclusion criteria. Positive impact on different parameters of masticatory function after RPD treatment was reported in 14 studies. Subjective evaluation of chewing ability (CA) displayed an improvement in 83.3% of studies, while improvement was evidenced only in 69.5% of studies upon objective evaluation. Most studies reported data on free-end saddles. Of the 13 studies associated with bilateral free-end saddle dentures, 9 studies showed a positive effect on masticatory efficiency. Various factors were found to have an impact on the MP of RPDs.
Subjective evaluation displays higher positive impact of RPDs in MP than objective evaluation. Assessment of patients' perspectives is important in clinical decision-making. Multiple factors affect the MP with RPD treatment.
评估可摘局部义齿（RPD）对部分无牙颌患者咀嚼性能（MP）的影响。
通过电子数据库和手工检索，探索报道金属基和丙烯酸基 RPD 对咀嚼影响的临床试验证据。纳入了咀嚼评估的经过验证的客观和主观测量方法。文章选择、数据提取和偏倚风险评估由两名审查员独立进行。
在 11200 项研究中，有 1 项随机对照试验和 23 项临床试验符合纳入标准。14 项研究报告了 RPD 治疗后对咀嚼功能不同参数的积极影响。83.3%的研究显示主观咀嚼能力（CA）评估有所改善，而只有 69.5%的研究在客观评估中显示出改善。大多数研究报告了游离端鞍的资料。在与双侧游离端鞍义齿相关的 13 项研究中，有 9 项研究显示对咀嚼效率有积极影响。发现多种因素对 RPD 的 MP 有影响。
主观评估显示 RPD 对 MP 的积极影响高于客观评估。评估患者的观点对临床决策很重要。多种因素影响 RPD 治疗的 MP。
