Dula Linda J, Shala Kujtim Sh, Stubljar David, Starc Andrej, Kosumi Shera
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pristina, Kosovo.
Department of Research and Development, In-Medico, Metlika, Slovenia.
Clin Exp Dent Res. 2025 Apr;11(2):e70130. doi: 10.1002/cre2.70130.
This study aimed to evaluate and compare the masticatory efficiency of removable partial dentures (RPDs) retained with clasps versus those retained with attachments.
A total of 107 patients fitted with 138 RPDs participated in the study; 87 RPDs (63.0%) were clasp-retained, and 51 RPDs (37.0%) were attachment-retained. Subjects chewed 5.0 g of peanuts for 30 s, and masticatory efficiency was measured using a spectrophotometer at an absorption rate of 590 µm. Measurements were taken before insertion, immediately after, and 1 and 3 months post-insertion of RPDs.
The analysis revealed progressive masticatory efficiency improvements for both clasp-retained and attachment-retained RPDs over time, with significant enhancements observed at the 3-month post-insertion mark. Initially, clasp-retained RPDs showed slightly higher efficiency than attachment-retained RPDs; however, attachment-retained RPDs demonstrated superior efficiency after 3 months (p = 0.001). Consistent improvements were noted across different denture support types, with Triangular and Quadrangular supports showing the most notable gains by 3 months (p ≤ 0.006). GLMM analysis underscored the significant impact of time on masticatory efficiency (F(3, 511) = 4.926, p = 0.002), with no significant effects attributed to RPD type or support type alone, nor any significant interaction effects, indicating a universal improvement in masticatory function over time regardless of RPD design.
RPD insertion significantly improves masticatory efficiency, particularly evident 3 months post-insertion, with attachment-retained RPDs outperforming clasp-retained types. Improvements in masticatory function over time are consistent across all RPD designs, unaffected by denture type or support structure. This emphasizes the role of denture design in both immediate adaptation and long-term treatment success, suggesting that time significantly contributes to enhanced masticatory efficiency regardless of RPD design, highlighting the importance of tailored prosthetic rehabilitation.
本研究旨在评估和比较卡环固位的可摘局部义齿（RPD）与附着体固位的RPD的咀嚼效率。
共有107例佩戴138副RPD的患者参与本研究；87副RPD（63.0%）采用卡环固位，51副RPD（37.0%）采用附着体固位。受试者咀嚼5.0克花生30秒，使用分光光度计在590微米的吸收率下测量咀嚼效率。在RPD插入前、插入后即刻以及插入后1个月和3个月进行测量。
分析显示，随着时间的推移，卡环固位和附着体固位的RPD的咀嚼效率均逐步提高，在插入后3个月时观察到显著提高。最初，卡环固位的RPD显示出略高于附着体固位的RPD的效率；然而，附着体固位的RPD在3个月后显示出更高的效率（p = 0.001）。在不同的义齿支持类型中均观察到持续的改善，三角形和四边形支持在3个月时显示出最显著的提高（p≤0.006）。广义线性混合模型（GLMM）分析强调了时间对咀嚼效率的显著影响（F(3, 511) = 4.926，p = 0.002），单独的RPD类型或支持类型均无显著影响，也没有显著的交互作用影响，表明无论RPD设计如何，随着时间的推移咀嚼功能普遍得到改善。
RPD的插入显著提高了咀嚼效率，在插入后3个月尤为明显，附着体固位的RPD优于卡环固位的RPD。随着时间的推移，咀嚼功能的改善在所有RPD设计中都是一致的，不受义齿类型或支持结构的影响。这强调了义齿设计在即刻适应和长期治疗成功中的作用，表明无论RPD设计如何，时间对提高咀嚼效率有显著贡献，突出了定制修复康复的重要性。
