Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716.
Volac International Ltd., Port Talbot, UK, SA12 7DJ.
J Dairy Sci. 2024 Feb;107(2):883-901. doi: 10.3168/jds.2023-23672. Epub 2023 Sep 18.
Experiments were conducted over a 3-yr period to evaluate the effects of bacterial inoculants on the fermentation profile and aerobic stability of whole-plant corn silage (WPC), snaplage (SNA), and high-moisture corn (HMC). Whole-plant corn was inoculated with Lentilactobacillus buchneri PJB1 in combination with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MTD1 or with Lpb. plantarum alone (experiments 1 and 2). Snaplage (experiment 3) and HMC (experiments 4 and 5) were inoculated with Len. buchneri in combination with Lpb. plantarum or with Len. buchneri alone. After inoculation, the feedstuffs were ensiled in 7.57-L silos and stored at 21 ± 2°C for 30 or 90 d. In experiment 5, silage was subjected to air stress for 2 h every 2 wk through 42 d and then for 2 h/wk until 90 d and had samples analyzed for their bacterial community composition by metagenomics. Overall, in all experiments, silages inoculated with Len. buchneri alone or in combination with Lpb. plantarum had more acetic acid and 1,2-propanediol and fewer yeasts than uninoculated silages. After 30 d of ensiling, inoculation with Len. buchneri alone or in combination with Lpb. plantarum did not affect the aerobic stability of SNA, but it slightly increased the stability of WPC and markedly improved the stability of HMC. After 90 d of ensiling, inoculation with Len. buchneri alone or in combination with Lpb. plantarum markedly improved the aerobic stability of WPC, SNA, and HMC. In experiment 5, inoculation increased the relative abundance (RA) of Lactobacillaceae and reduced the RA of Enterobacteriaceae and Leuconostocaceae in HMC at 30 and 90 d and the RA of Clostridiaceae in non-air-stressed HMC at 90 d. Air-stressed HMC inoculated with Len. buchneri had less lactic acid, more acetic acid and 1,2-propanediol, and markedly greater aerobic stability than uninoculated air-stressed HMC at 90 d. In conclusion, inoculation with Len. buchneri PJB1 alone or in combination with Lpb. plantarum MTD1 increased the production of acetic acid and 1,2-propanediol, inhibited yeasts development, and improved the aerobic stability of WPC, SNA, and HMC. In HMC, inoculation markedly improved aerobic stability as soon as after 30 d of ensiling, and after 90 d, inoculation improved stability even under air stress conditions.
在 3 年的时间里进行了实验，以评估细菌接种剂对全株玉米青贮（WPC）、青贮玉米（SNA）和高水分玉米（HMC）发酵特性和有氧稳定性的影响。全株玉米用 Lentilactobacillus buchneri PJB1 与 Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MTD1 或单独的 Lpb. plantarum （实验 1 和 2）接种。青贮玉米（实验 3）和高水分玉米（实验 4 和 5）用 Len. buchneri 与 Lpb. plantarum 或 Len. buchneri 单独接种。接种后，饲料在 7.57-L 青贮窖中青贮，并在 21±2°C下储存 30 或 90 d。在实验 5 中，青贮在 42 d 内每隔 2 周进行 2 h 的空气胁迫，然后每周进行 2 h，直到 90 d，并通过宏基因组学分析其细菌群落组成。总体而言，在所有实验中，单独或与 Lpb. plantarum 一起接种 Lentilactobacillus buchneri 的青贮饲料比未接种的青贮饲料具有更多的乙酸和 1,2-丙二醇，更少的酵母。青贮 30 d 后，单独或与 Lpb. plantarum 一起接种 Lentilactobacillus buchneri 并不影响 SNA 的有氧稳定性，但它略微提高了 WPC 的稳定性，并显著提高了 HMC 的稳定性。青贮 90 d 后，单独或与 Lpb. plantarum 一起接种 Lentilactobacillus buchneri 显著提高了 WPC、SNA 和 HMC 的有氧稳定性。在实验 5 中，接种增加了 Lactobacillaceae 的相对丰度（RA），并降低了 Enterobacteriaceae 和 Leuconostocaceae 在 30 和 90 d 时以及 Clostridiaceae 在非空气胁迫下的 90 d 时的 RA。在 90 d 时，空气胁迫下接种 Lentilactobacillus buchneri 的 HMC 乳酸含量较低，乙酸和 1,2-丙二醇含量较高，有氧稳定性显著高于未接种的空气胁迫下的 HMC。总之，单独或与 Lpb. plantarum MTD1 一起接种 Lentilactobacillus buchneri PJB1 可增加乙酸和 1,2-丙二醇的产量，抑制酵母的生长，并提高 WPC、SNA 和 HMC 的有氧稳定性。在 HMC 中，接种后 30 d 即可显著提高有氧稳定性，90 d 后，即使在空气胁迫条件下，接种也能提高稳定性。
