Pacheco-Yanes Juan, Reynolds Eric, Li Jian, Mariño Eliana
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Oral Health Collaborative Research Centre, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Trends Mol Med. 2023 Nov;29(11):912-925. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.08.006. Epub 2023 Sep 18.
Recent research has confirmed the strong connection between imbalances in the oral and gut microbiome (oral-gut dysbiosis), periodontitis, and inflammatory conditions such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and cardiovascular diseases. Microbiome modulation is crucial for preventing and treating several autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, including periodontitis. However, the causal relationships between the microbiome and its derived metabolites that mediate periodontitis and chronic inflammation constitute a notable knowledge gap. Here we review the mechanisms involved in the microbiome-host crosstalk, and describe novel precision medicine for the control of systemic inflammation. As microbiome-targeted therapies begin to enter clinical trials, the success of these approaches relies upon understanding these reciprocal microbiome-host interactions, and it may provide new therapeutic avenues to reduce the risk of periodontitis-associated diseases.
近期研究已证实口腔和肠道微生物群失衡（口腔-肠道生态失调）、牙周炎与糖尿病、阿尔茨海默病和心血管疾病等炎症性疾病之间存在紧密联系。微生物群调节对于预防和治疗包括牙周炎在内的多种自身免疫性和炎症性疾病至关重要。然而，微生物群及其介导牙周炎和慢性炎症的衍生代谢物之间的因果关系存在显著的知识空白。在此，我们综述了微生物群与宿主相互作用所涉及的机制，并描述了控制全身炎症的新型精准医学。随着以微生物群为靶点的疗法开始进入临床试验，这些方法的成功依赖于理解这些微生物群与宿主之间的相互作用，并且可能为降低牙周炎相关疾病的风险提供新的治疗途径。
