He Daqiang, Chen Jian, Du Xiaoxue, Xu Linhao
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Front Cell Neurosci. 2023 Sep 4;17:1222626. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1222626. eCollection 2023.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a severe sleep disorder associated with intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation. Cognitive impairment is a signifi- cant and common OSA complication often described in such patients. The most commonly utilized methods in clinical OSA treatment are oral appliances and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). However, the current therapeutic methods for improving cognitive function could not achieve the expected efficacy in same patients. Therefore, further understanding the molecular mechanism behind cognitive dysfunction in OSA disease will provide new treatment methods and targets. This review briefly summarized the clinical manifestations of cognitive impairment in OSA disease. Moreover, the pathophysiological molecular mechanism of OSA was outlined. Our study concluded that both SF and IH could induce cognitive impairment by multiple signaling pathways, such as oxidative stress activation, inflammation, and apoptosis. However, there is a lack of effective drug therapy for cognitive impairment in OSA. Finally, the therapeutic potential of some novel compounds and herbal medicine was evaluated on attenuating cognitive impairment based on certain preclinical studies.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是一种与间歇性缺氧和睡眠片段化相关的严重睡眠障碍。认知障碍是此类患者中一种显著且常见的OSA并发症。临床OSA治疗中最常用的方法是口腔矫治器和持续气道正压通气（CPAP）。然而，目前改善认知功能的治疗方法在同一患者中无法达到预期疗效。因此，进一步了解OSA疾病中认知功能障碍背后的分子机制将提供新的治疗方法和靶点。本综述简要总结了OSA疾病中认知障碍的临床表现。此外，概述了OSA的病理生理分子机制。我们的研究得出结论，睡眠片段化（SF）和间歇性缺氧（IH）均可通过多种信号通路诱导认知障碍，如氧化应激激活、炎症和细胞凋亡。然而，对于OSA中的认知障碍缺乏有效的药物治疗。最后，基于某些临床前研究评估了一些新型化合物和草药在减轻认知障碍方面的治疗潜力。
