个体内父母接纳-拒绝的可变性预测了九个国家儿童期/青春期的外化和内化症状。
Intraindividual variability in parental acceptance-rejection predicts externalizing and internalizing symptoms across childhood/adolescence in nine countries.
机构信息
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst.
Duke Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University.
出版信息
J Fam Psychol. 2024 Mar;38(2):333-344. doi: 10.1037/fam0001133. Epub 2023 Sep 21.
Parenting that is high in rejection and low in acceptance is associated with higher levels of internalizing (INT) and externalizing (EXT) problems in children and adolescents. These symptoms develop and can increase in severity to negatively impact adolescents' social, academic, and emotional functioning. However, there are two major gaps in the extant literature: (a) nearly all prior research has focused on between-person differences in acceptance/rejection at the expense of examining intraindividual variability (IIV) across time in acceptance/rejection; and (b) no prior studies examine IIV in acceptance/rejection in diverse international samples. The present study utilized six waves of data with 1,199 adolescents' families living in nine countries from the Parenting Across Cultures study to test the hypotheses that (1) higher amounts of youth IIV in mother acceptance/rejection predict higher internalizing and (2) externalizing symptoms, and (3) that higher youth IIV in father acceptance/rejection predict higher internalizing, and (4) externalizing symptoms. Meta-analytic techniques indicated a significant, positive effect of IIV in child-reported mother and father acceptance/rejection on adolescent externalizing symptoms, and a significant positive effect of IIV in father acceptance/rejection on internalizing symptoms. The weighted effect for mother acceptance/rejection on internalizing symptoms was not statistically significant. Additionally, there was significant heterogeneity in all meta-analytic estimates. More variability over time in experiences of parental acceptance/rejection predicts internalizing and externalizing symptoms as children transition into adolescence, and this effect is present across multiple diverse samples. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
养育方式中拒绝成分高而接纳成分低与儿童和青少年内化(INT)和外化(EXT)问题的水平较高有关。这些症状会发展并可能加重,从而对青少年的社交、学业和情绪功能产生负面影响。然而,现有文献存在两个主要的空白:(a)几乎所有先前的研究都集中在接受/拒绝的个体间差异上,而忽略了在接受/拒绝方面随时间的个体内变异性(IIV);(b)以前没有研究在不同的国际样本中检验接受/拒绝的 IIV。本研究利用了来自跨文化父母研究的六个波次的数据,涉及 9 个国家的 1199 名青少年家庭,以检验以下假设:(1)青少年在母亲接受/拒绝方面的 IIV 越高,预测内化和外化症状的程度越高;(2) 青少年在父亲接受/拒绝方面的 IIV 越高,预测内化和外化症状的程度越高。元分析技术表明,儿童报告的母亲和父亲接受/拒绝的 IIV 对青少年外化症状有显著的、积极的影响,而父亲接受/拒绝的 IIV 对内化症状有显著的积极影响。母亲接受/拒绝对内化症状的加权效应在统计学上并不显著。此外,所有元分析估计都存在显著的异质性。随着孩子进入青春期,父母接受/拒绝的体验中更多的时间变异性预测了内化和外化症状,这种影响在多个不同的样本中都存在。(PsycInfo 数据库记录(c)2024 APA,保留所有权利)。