Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Cell Death Dis. 2023 Sep 22;14(9):627. doi: 10.1038/s41419-023-06134-y.
Psoriasis is a common and recurrent inflammatory skin disease characterized by inflammatory cells infiltration of the dermis and excessive proliferation, reduced apoptosis, and abnormal keratosis of the epidermis. In this study, we found that G9A, an important methyltransferase that mainly mediates the mono-methylation (me1) and di-methylation (me2) of histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9), is highly expressed in lesions of patients with psoriasis and imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like mouse model. Previous studies have shown that G9A is involved in the pathogenesis of various tumors by regulating apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, and invasion. However, the role of G9A in skin inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis remains unclear. Our data so far suggest that topical administration of G9A inhibitor BIX01294 as well as keratinocyte-specific deletion of G9A greatly alleviated IMQ-induced psoriatic alterations in mice for the first time. Mechanistically, the loss function of G9A causes the downregulation of Ectodysplasin A receptor (EDAR), consequently inhibiting the activation of NF-κB pathway, resulting in impaired proliferation and increased apoptosis of keratinocytes, therefore ameliorating the psoriatic dermatitis induced by IMQ. In total, we show that inhibition of G9A improves psoriatic-like dermatitis mainly by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis rather than inflammatory processes, and that this molecule may be considered as a potential therapeutic target for keratinocyte hyperproliferative diseases such as psoriasis.
银屑病是一种常见的复发性炎症性皮肤病,其特征为真皮浸润的炎症细胞、表皮过度增殖、凋亡减少和角化异常。在这项研究中,我们发现 G9A,一种主要介导组蛋白 3 赖氨酸 9(H3K9)单甲基化(me1)和二甲基化(me2)的重要甲基转移酶,在银屑病患者的病变部位和咪喹莫特(IMQ)诱导的银屑病样小鼠模型中高度表达。先前的研究表明,G9A 通过调节细胞凋亡、增殖、分化和侵袭参与各种肿瘤的发病机制。然而,G9A 在皮肤炎症性疾病如银屑病中的作用尚不清楚。到目前为止,我们的数据表明,G9A 抑制剂 BIX01294 的局部给药以及角质形成细胞特异性敲除 G9A,首次极大地缓解了 IMQ 诱导的小鼠银屑病样改变。从机制上讲,G9A 的功能丧失导致外胚层发育不良蛋白 A 受体(EDAR)下调,从而抑制 NF-κB 通路的激活,导致角质形成细胞增殖受损和凋亡增加,从而改善由 IMQ 引起的银屑病样皮炎。总之,我们表明抑制 G9A 主要通过调节细胞增殖和凋亡而不是炎症过程来改善银屑病样皮炎,并且该分子可被视为角质形成细胞过度增殖性疾病(如银屑病)的潜在治疗靶点。