Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2023 Oct;240:104037. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.104037. Epub 2023 Sep 21.
Over the past decade, 'anti-gender discourse' has been institutionalised by the governing right-wing party in Hungary to a wide effect, from the removal of accreditation from a gender studies MA program to the Parliament's refusal to ratify the Istanbul Convention. The anti-egalitarian backlash echoes those emergent in other countries where right-wing populism has gained ground - such as Poland, Turkey, India, the United States, and Brazil. The present study examined the role of two opposite orientations, cosmopolitanism as an egalitarian worldview and social dominance orientation as the preference for hierarchies and inequality among groups and people in general, in mediating the relationship between political orientation and sexism among a representative Hungarian sample (N = 1000). The path analysis revealed that left-wing political orientation was associated with higher levels of cosmopolitan orientation, while right-wing political orientation was associated with higher levels of SDO. Higher levels of cosmopolitan orientation were associated with a more positive attitude toward feminists and lower levels of modern sexism and gender-based zero-sum thinking, while higher levels of SDO were associated with the opposite. Furthermore, cosmopolitan orientation mediated the relationship between political orientation and modern sexism and attitudes toward feminists, while SDO mediated the relationship between political orientation and modern sexism and gender-based zero-sum thinking. Our study emphasizes the important role of cosmopolitan orientation in opposing SDO and promoting a more egalitarian worldview.
在过去的十年中，匈牙利执政的右翼政党将“反性别言论”制度化，产生了广泛的影响，从取消性别研究硕士课程的认证到议会拒绝批准《伊斯坦布尔公约》。这种反平等主义的反弹与其他右翼民粹主义在其他国家获得支持时出现的情况相呼应，如波兰、土耳其、印度、美国和巴西。本研究考察了两种相反的取向——世界主义作为一种平等主义世界观和社会支配取向作为对群体和一般人群之间的等级和不平等的偏好——在调解政治取向和性别歧视之间关系的作用，使用了代表匈牙利的样本（N=1000）。路径分析表明，左翼政治取向与更高水平的世界主义取向相关，而右翼政治取向与更高水平的社会支配取向相关。更高水平的世界主义取向与对女权主义者更积极的态度以及更低水平的现代性别歧视和基于性别的零和思维相关，而更高水平的社会支配取向则相反。此外，世界主义取向在政治取向和现代性别歧视以及对女权主义者的态度之间的关系中起中介作用，而社会支配取向在政治取向和现代性别歧视以及基于性别的零和思维之间的关系中起中介作用。我们的研究强调了世界主义取向在反对社会支配取向和促进更平等主义世界观方面的重要作用。
