Amlaev K R, Mazharov V N
Stavropol State Medical University, 355017, Stavropol, Russia,
Stavropol State Medical University, 355017, Stavropol, Russia.
Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med. 2023 Aug;31(Special Issue 1):897-902. doi: 10.32687/0869-866X-2023-31-s1-897-902.
The article is devoted to the review of some aspects of health care reform abroad, the emphasis is placed on the study of measures to achieve universal health coverage (HEU) in China and Vietnam. There is a significant similarity of problematic issues in the health care of most countries, which include ensuring equal access to quality medical care, shortage of medical personnel, financing of medical care. A review of the studied reforms showed that those that are addressed to a specific health problem achieve greater success, especially in the field of public health reform. The experience of reforms in China and Vietnam in the field of increasing the availability of medical care demonstrates the importance of improving the financing of the medical industry in the implementation of most reforms. Both countries have implemented reforms in the field of health insurance, but in China basic health insurance was introduced, while in Vietnam more attention was paid to vulnerable groups of the population. Despite the fact that the two countries have made progress in health coverage, inequality in access to medical care has been significantly reduced in Vietnam. It is concluded that the effectiveness of reforms will be more successful if such measures as the use of strategic procurement, improvement of primary health care, improvement of the quality of services, provision of political support and increased financing of health care are implemented.
本文致力于对国外医疗改革的某些方面进行综述，重点是研究中国和越南实现全民健康覆盖（UHC）的措施。大多数国家在医疗保健方面存在显著的问题相似性，包括确保平等获得优质医疗服务、医疗人员短缺、医疗保健融资等。对所研究改革的综述表明，针对特定健康问题的改革取得了更大的成功，尤其是在公共卫生改革领域。中国和越南在提高医疗服务可及性方面的改革经验表明，在大多数改革实施过程中，改善医疗行业融资非常重要。两国都在医疗保险领域实施了改革，但中国引入了基本医疗保险，而越南则更关注弱势群体。尽管两国在健康覆盖方面取得了进展，但越南在获得医疗服务方面的不平等现象已大幅减少。得出的结论是，如果实施诸如使用战略采购、改善初级卫生保健、提高服务质量、提供政治支持和增加医疗保健融资等措施，改革的成效将更为显著。
