葡萄（Vitis vinifera）在逐渐干旱胁迫下，浆果生长停止与叶片完全关闭气孔在葡萄开花前同时发生。

Cessation of berry growth coincides with leaf complete stomatal closure at pre-veraison for grapevine (Vitis vinifera) subjected to progressive drought stress.

机构信息

Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.

Wine Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.

出版信息

Ann Bot. 2023 Nov 30;132(5):979-988. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcad144.

DOI:10.1093/aob/mcad144

PMID:37742279

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10808015/

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Drought events have devasting impacts on grape berry production. The aim of this study was to investigate berry growth in the context of leaf stomatal closure under progressive drought stress.

METHODS

Potted grapevine plants (varieties 'Syrah' and 'Cabernet Sauvignon') were evaluated at pre-verasion (30-45 d after anthesis, DAA) and post-veraison (90-107 DAA). Berry diameter, berry absolute growth rate (AGR), leaf stomatal conductance (Gs) at midday, plant water potential at predawn and midday (ΨPD and ΨMD, respectively), and soil relative water content were measured repeatedly. The ΨPD-threshold of 90 % loss in stomatal conductance (Gs10, i.e. complete stomatal closure) was determined. Data were related to plant dehydration phases I, II and III with corresponding boundaries Θ1 and Θ2, using the water potential curve method.

KEY RESULTS

At pre-veraison, berry AGR declined together with leaf Gs in response to soil drying in both varieties. Berry AGR transitioned from positive to negative (shrinkage) values when leaf Gs approached zero. The Gs10-threshold was -0.81 MPa in 'Syrah' and -0.74 MPa in 'Cabernet Sauvignon' and was linked to boundary Θ1. At post-veraison, berry AGR was negligible and negative AGR values were not intensified by increasing drought stress in either variety.

CONCLUSION

Leaf complete stomatal closure under progressive drought stress coincides with cessation of berry growth followed by shrinkage at pre-veraison (growth stage 1).

摘要

背景与目的

干旱事件对葡萄浆果的生产有毁灭性的影响。本研究的目的是研究在渐进干旱胁迫下叶片气孔关闭情况下浆果的生长情况。

方法

在花后 30-45 天（DAA）和花后 90-107 天（DAA）对盆栽葡萄植株（品种“西拉”和“赤霞珠”）进行评估。重复测量浆果直径、浆果绝对生长率（AGR）、中午叶片气孔导度（Gs）、凌晨和中午的植株水势（分别为 ΨPD 和 ΨMD）以及土壤相对含水量。确定 90%气孔导度损失的 ΨPD 阈值（Gs10，即完全气孔关闭）。使用水势曲线法，将数据与植物脱水阶段 I、II 和 III 以及相应的边界 Θ1 和 Θ2 相关联。

主要结果

在花前，随着土壤干燥，两种品种的浆果 AGR 都与叶片 Gs 一起下降。当叶片 Gs 接近零时，浆果 AGR 从正值（膨胀）转变为负值（收缩）。在“西拉”中，Gs10 阈值为-0.81 MPa，在“赤霞珠”中为-0.74 MPa，与边界 Θ1 相关。在花后，浆果 AGR 可以忽略不计，而且在任何一个品种中，随着干旱胁迫的增加，负AGR 值都不会加剧。