Wilkin Shevan, Hommel Peter, Ventresca Miller Alicia, Boivin Nicole, Pedergnana Antonella, Shishlina Natalia, Trifonov Viktor
Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, Jena, Germany.
iScience. 2023 Aug 24;26(9):107482. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107482. eCollection 2023 Sep 15.
Large metal and metal-alloy cauldrons first appear on the far western steppe and Caucasus region during the Maykop period (3700-2900 BCE); however, the types of foods or beverages cooked in and served from these vessels have remained mysterious. Here, we present proteomic analysis of nine residues from copper-alloy cauldrons from Maykop burial contexts where we identify muscle, blood, and milk proteins specific to domesticated, and possibly wild, ruminants. This study clearly demonstrates that the earliest, large-volume feasting vessels contained both primary and secondary animal products, likely prepared in the form of a stew.
大型金属和金属合金大锅最早出现在迈科普时期（公元前3700 - 2900年）的西大草原和高加索地区；然而，用这些容器烹饪并盛放的食物或饮料种类一直成谜。在此，我们对来自迈科普墓葬环境的铜合金大锅上的九个残留物进行了蛋白质组分析，从中鉴定出了家养反刍动物以及可能的野生反刍动物特有的肌肉、血液和乳蛋白。这项研究清楚地表明，最早的大容量宴会容器中既有主要动物产品，也有次要动物产品，很可能是以炖菜的形式烹制的。
