Pegram R A, Wyatt R D, Marks H L
Poult Sci. 1986 Sep;65(9):1652-8. doi: 10.3382/ps.0651652.
Blood chemistry profiles were obtained for two lines of Japanese quail selected for resistance to aflatoxin, and for a nonselected control line. Nine of the 18 plasma components measured in samples taken at 4 weeks of age changed as a result of selection. Plasma concentrations of total protein, albumin, cholesterol, and potassium, and the activities of lactic dehydrogenase, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, and cholinesterase were significantly elevated in aflatoxin-resistant quail compared with the nonselected line. The activities of beta-glucuronidase and alpha-amylase changed most dramatically; both activities were much lower in the resistant lines than in the control line. In another experiment, serum total protein, albumin, alpha-amylase, and beta-glucuronidase were tested as identifiers of aflatoxin-resistant individuals within a nonselected population of quail. Serum samples obtained from 150 nonselected quail immediately before and 24 hr after administration of an oral dose of aflatoxin were analyzed for each of the four components. The acute toxicosis decreased body weight, serum alpha-amylase activity, total protein, and albumin; whereas, serum beta-glucuronidase activity and the coefficients of variation for each parameter were increased. Correlations between measurements made prior to dosing and parameters reflecting aflatoxin susceptibility were not significant. However, postdose determinations of albumin, protein, and beta-glucuronidase were significantly related to susceptibility parameters. These data indicate that the four blood components tested cannot be utilized to identify resistant birds within a nonselected population of quail without an aflatoxin challenge; but albumin, protein, and beta-glucuronidase are correlated with resistance when measured during an aflatoxin stress.
对两个经选育具有黄曲霉毒素抗性的日本鹌鹑品系以及一个未选育的对照品系进行了血液化学分析。在4周龄时采集的样本中所检测的18种血浆成分里，有9种因选育而发生了变化。与未选育品系相比，抗黄曲霉毒素鹌鹑的血浆总蛋白、白蛋白、胆固醇和钾的浓度，以及乳酸脱氢酶、谷草转氨酶和胆碱酯酶的活性均显著升高。β-葡萄糖醛酸酶和α-淀粉酶的活性变化最为显著；抗性品系中的这两种活性均远低于对照品系。在另一项实验中，对血清总蛋白、白蛋白、α-淀粉酶和β-葡萄糖醛酸酶进行了检测，以确定未选育鹌鹑群体中抗黄曲霉毒素个体的标识物。对150只未选育鹌鹑在口服一剂黄曲霉毒素之前和之后24小时采集的血清样本进行了这四种成分的分析。急性中毒使体重、血清α-淀粉酶活性、总蛋白和白蛋白降低；而血清β-葡萄糖醛酸酶活性以及每个参数的变异系数则升高。给药前的测量值与反映黄曲霉毒素易感性的参数之间的相关性不显著。然而，给药后白蛋白、蛋白质和β-葡萄糖醛酸酶的测定值与易感性参数显著相关。这些数据表明，在未经过黄曲霉毒素攻击的未选育鹌鹑群体中，所检测的这四种血液成分无法用于识别抗性鸟类；但在黄曲霉毒素应激期间进行测量时，白蛋白、蛋白质和β-葡萄糖醛酸酶与抗性相关。
