Syme S L
Prev Med. 1986 Sep;15(5):492-507. doi: 10.1016/0091-7435(86)90026-5.
A key element in most efforts to prevent disease and promote health is behavioral change to lower risk. One-to-one programs to help people change their behavior are seriously limited because of the difficulty people have in making behavioral changes and because one-to-one programs do little to modify those forces in the community that continually produce new people at risk. In addition to one-to-one programs, therefore, environmental strategies for disease prevention are needed. Several clues regarding environmental interventions can be gleaned from the study of patterns of disease distributions. Not only are environmental approaches to prevention more efficient and practical than one-to-one programs, they also may shed new light on our understanding of disease etiology.
大多数预防疾病和促进健康的努力中的一个关键要素是通过行为改变来降低风险。由于人们在做出行为改变时存在困难，而且一对一的项目对改变社区中持续产生新的高危人群的那些因素作用甚微，因此帮助人们改变行为的一对一项目受到严重限制。所以，除了一对一项目之外，还需要疾病预防的环境策略。从疾病分布模式的研究中可以获得一些有关环境干预的线索。预防疾病的环境方法不仅比一对一项目更有效、更实用，它们还可能为我们对疾病病因的理解带来新的启示。
