School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China.
School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China.
Mol Pharm. 2023 Nov 6;20(11):5383-5395. doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00600. Epub 2023 Sep 25.
Amifostine (AMF, also known as WR-2721) is the only approved broad-spectrum small-molecule radiation protection agent that can combat hematopoietic damage caused by ionizing radiation and is used as an antitumor adjuvant and cell protector in cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Amifostine is usually injected intravenously before chemotherapy or radiotherapy and has been used in the treatment of head and neck cancer. However, the inconvenient intravenous administration and its toxic side effects such as hypotension have severely limited its further application in clinic. In order to reduce the toxic and side effects, scientists are trying to develop a variety of drug administration methods and are devoted to developing a wide application of amifostine in radiation protection. This paper reviews the research progress of amifostine for radiation protection in recent years, discusses its mechanism of action, clinical application, and other aspects, with focus on summarizing the most widely studied amifostine injection administration and drug delivery systems, and explored the correlation between various administrations and drug efficacies.
氨磷汀（AMF，也称为 WR-2721）是唯一被批准的广谱小分子辐射防护剂，可对抗电离辐射引起的血液系统损伤，被用作癌症化疗和放疗的抗肿瘤辅助剂和细胞保护剂。氨磷汀通常在化疗或放疗前静脉注射，已用于头颈部癌症的治疗。然而，其不方便的静脉给药以及低血压等毒性副作用严重限制了其在临床上的进一步应用。为了降低毒性和副作用，科学家们正在尝试开发各种给药方法，并致力于开发氨磷汀在辐射防护中的广泛应用。本文综述了近年来氨磷汀在辐射防护方面的研究进展，讨论了其作用机制、临床应用等方面，重点总结了研究最多的氨磷汀注射给药和药物传递系统，并探讨了各种给药途径与药物疗效之间的相关性。
