Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2023 Sep;72(10):1-92.
Objective-This report presents final 2020 data on U.S. deaths, death rates, life expectancy, infant and maternal mortality, and trends by selected characteristics such as age, sex, Hispanic origin and race, state of residence, and cause of death. Methods-Information reported on death certificates is presented in descriptive tabulations. The original records are filed in state registration offices. Statistical information is compiled in a national database through the Vital Statistics Cooperative Program of the National Center for Health Statistics. Causes of death are processed according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision. Beginning in 2018, all states and the District of Columbia were using the 2003 revised certificate of death for the entire year, which includes the 1997 Office of Management and Budget revised standards for race. Data based on these revised standards are not completely comparable to previous years. Results-In 2020, a total of 3,383,729 deaths were reported in the United States. The age-adjusted death rate was 835.4 deaths per 100,000 U.S. standard population, an increase of 16.8% from the 2019 rate. Life expectancy at birth was 77.0 years, a decrease of 1.8 years from 2019. Age-specific death rates increased from 2019 to 2020 for age groups 15 years and over and decreased for age group under 1 year. Many of the 15 leading causes of death in 2020 changed from 2019. COVID-19, a new cause of death in 2020, became the third leading cause in 2020. The infant mortality rate decreased 2.9% to a historic low of 5.42 infant deaths per 1,000 live births in 2020. Conclusions-In 2020, the age-adjusted death rate increased and life expectancy at birth decreased for the total, male, and female populations, primarily due to the influence of deaths from COVID-19.
目的-本报告提供了 2020 年美国死亡人数、死亡率、预期寿命、婴儿和孕产妇死亡率以及按年龄、性别、西班牙裔来源和种族、居住州以及死亡原因等选定特征的趋势的最终数据。方法-死亡证明上报告的信息以描述性表格呈现。原始记录存放在州注册处。国家卫生统计中心的生命统计合作计划通过国家数据库编译统计信息。死因根据国际疾病分类第 10 版进行处理。自 2018 年以来，所有州和哥伦比亚特区都在全年使用 2003 年修订的死亡证明，其中包括 1997 年管理和预算办公室修订的种族标准。基于这些修订标准的数据与前几年不完全可比。结果-2020 年，美国共报告 3383729 例死亡。年龄调整后死亡率为每 10 万美国标准人口 835.4 例死亡，比 2019 年上升 16.8%。出生时预期寿命为 77.0 岁，比 2019 年下降 1.8 岁。2020 年，15 岁及以上年龄组的特定年龄死亡率从 2019 年上升，1 岁以下年龄组的死亡率下降。2020 年的许多主要死因与 2019 年不同。2020 年新出现的死因 COVID-19 成为 2020 年的第三大死因。婴儿死亡率下降 2.9%，至 5.42 例每千例活产婴儿的历史新低。结论-2020 年，总人群、男性和女性人群的年龄调整后死亡率上升，出生时预期寿命下降，主要原因是 COVID-19 死亡的影响。
