State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China.
Taiyuan Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
PeerJ. 2023 Sep 21;11:e15906. doi: 10.7717/peerj.15906. eCollection 2023.
head blight (FHB) is a disease affecting wheat spikes caused by some species and leads to cases of severe yield reduction and seed contamination. Identifying resistance genes/QTLs from wheat germplasm may help to improve FHB resistance in wheat production.
Our study evaluated 205 elite winter wheat cultivars for FHB resistance. A high-density 90K SNP array was used for genotyping the panel. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) from cultivars from three different environments was performed using a mixed linear model (MLM).
Sixty-six significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) were identified ( < 0.001) on fifteen chromosomes that explained the phenotypic variation ranging from 5.4 to 11.2%. Some important new MTAs in genomic regions involving FHB resistance were found on chromosomes 2A, 3B, 5B, 6A, and 7B. Six MTAs at 92 cM on chromosome 7B were found in cultivars from two different environments. Moreover, there were 11 MTAs consistently associated with diseased spikelet rate and diseased rachis rate as pleiotropic effect loci and on chromosome 5D was novel for FHB resistance. Eight new candidate genes of FHB resistance were predicated in wheat in this study. Three candidate genes, , , and on chromosome 5DS, 6AS, and 7BL, respectively, were perhaps important in defending against FHB by regulating intramolecular transferase activity, GTP binding, or chitinase activity in wheat, but further validation in needed. In addition, a total of five favorable alleles associated with wheat FHB resistance were discovered. These results provide important genes/loci for enhancing FHB resistance in wheat breeding by marker-assisted selection.
赤霉病（FHB）是一种影响小麦穗部的疾病，由一些物种引起，导致严重的产量减少和种子污染。从小麦种质中鉴定抗病基因/QTL 可能有助于提高小麦生产中的 FHB 抗性。
我们对 205 个冬小麦品种进行了 FHB 抗性评估。使用高密度 90K SNP 芯片对该群体进行基因分型。采用混合线性模型（MLM）对来自三个不同环境的品种进行全基因组关联研究（GWAS）。
在十五条染色体上鉴定出 66 个显著的标记-性状关联（MTAs）（<0.001），这些关联解释了表型变异，范围从 5.4%到 11.2%。在涉及 FHB 抗性的基因组区域中发现了一些新的重要 MTAs，位于染色体 2A、3B、5B、6A 和 7B 上。在两个不同环境的品种中，在染色体 7B 上发现了 92cM 处的 6 个 MTA。此外，有 11 个 MTA 作为多效性效应位点与病小穗率和病穗轴率一致相关，位于染色体 5D 上的 MTA 是 FHB 抗性的一个新位点。在本研究中，在小麦中预测了 8 个 FHB 抗性的新候选基因。三个候选基因，分别位于染色体 5DS、6AS 和 7BL 上的、和，可能通过调节分子内转移酶活性、GTP 结合或几丁质酶活性在小麦中对 FHB 起到防御作用，但需要进一步验证。此外，共发现与小麦 FHB 抗性相关的 5 个有利等位基因。这些结果为利用标记辅助选择提高小麦 FHB 抗性提供了重要的基因/位点。
