Golmohammadi Maryam, Mahmoudian Mohammadreza, Hasan Ekhlas Khammas, Alshahrani Shadia Hamoud, Romero-Parra Rosario Mireya, Malviya Jitendra, Hjazi Ahmed, Najm Mazin A A, Almulla Abbas F, Zamanian Mohammad Yasin, Kadkhodaei Mona, Mousavi Nazanin
School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Polymer Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2024 Apr;38(2):225-237. doi: 10.1111/fcp.12955. Epub 2023 Sep 27.
Despite several hundred clinical trials of drugs that initially showed promise, there has been limited clinical improvement in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This may be attributed to the existence of at least 25 abnormal cellular pathways that underlie the disease. It is improbable for a single drug to address all or most of these pathways, thus even drugs that show promise when administered alone are unlikely to produce significant results. According to previous studies, eight drugs, namely, dantrolene, erythropoietin, lithium, memantine, minocycline, piracetam, riluzole, and silymarin, have been found to target multiple pathways that are involved in the development of AD. Among these drugs, riluzole is currently indicated for the treatment of medical conditions in both adult patients and children and has gained increased attention from scientists due to its potential in the excitotoxic hypothesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of drugs on AD based on cellular and molecular mechanisms.
The literature search for this study utilized the Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases to identify relevant articles.
Riluzole exerts its effects in AD through diverse pathways including the inhibition of voltage-dependent sodium and calcium channels, blocking AMPA and NMDA receptors and inhibiting the release of glutamic acid release and stimulation of EAAT1-EAAT2.
In this review article, we aimed to review the neuroprotective properties of riluzole, a glutamate modulator, in AD, which could benefit patients with the disease.
尽管最初有数百项药物临床试验显示出前景，但阿尔茨海默病（AD）的临床改善仍然有限。这可能归因于该疾病背后至少存在25种异常细胞途径。单一药物不太可能解决所有或大多数这些途径，因此即使单独使用时显示出前景的药物也不太可能产生显著效果。根据先前的研究，已发现八种药物，即丹曲林、促红细胞生成素、锂、美金刚、米诺环素、吡拉西坦、利鲁唑和水飞蓟素，可针对AD发展过程中涉及的多种途径。在这些药物中，利鲁唑目前被用于治疗成人和儿童的病症，并且由于其在神经退行性疾病兴奋性毒性假说中的潜力而受到科学家越来越多的关注。
本研究旨在基于细胞和分子机制研究药物对AD的影响。
本研究的文献检索利用Scopus、ScienceDirect、PubMed和谷歌学术数据库来识别相关文章。
利鲁唑通过多种途径在AD中发挥作用，包括抑制电压依赖性钠通道和钙通道、阻断AMPA和NMDA受体以及抑制谷氨酸释放和刺激EAAT1-EAAT2。
在这篇综述文章中，我们旨在综述谷氨酸调节剂利鲁唑在AD中的神经保护特性，这可能使该疾病患者受益。
