Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, School of Social Work, Arizona State University, 400 E. Van Buren St., Suite 801, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 9725 Third Ave NE, Suite #401, Seattle, WA 98115, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Sep 7;20(18):6725. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20186725.
The workplace has been understudied as a setting for the prevention of young adult alcohol misuse. This study examined if alcohol-tolerant workplace environments are associated with greater risk for alcohol use and misuse on and off the job among young adults. Data were collected in 2014 from state-representative, sex-balanced samples (51% female) of 25-year-olds in Washington, U.S. (n = 751) and Victoria, Australia (n = 777). Logistic regressions indicated that availability of alcohol at work, absence of a written alcohol policy, and alcohol-tolerant workplace norms and attitudes were independently associated with a 1.5 to 3 times greater odds of on-the-job alcohol use or impairment. Alcohol-tolerant workplace norms were associated also with greater odds of high-risk drinking generally, independent of on-the-job alcohol use or impairment. Associations were mostly similar in Washington and Victoria, although young adults in Victoria perceived their workplaces to be more alcohol-tolerant and were more likely to use alcohol or be impaired at work and to misuse alcohol generally than young adults in Washington. Cross-nationally, workplace interventions that restrict the availability of alcohol, ban alcohol at work, and reduce alcohol-tolerant norms have the potential to prevent and reduce young adults' alcohol use and misuse on and off the job.
工作场所作为预防青年成年人酗酒的环境尚未得到充分研究。本研究考察了在工作中和工作之外，酒精容忍的工作环境是否与年轻人的酒精使用和滥用风险增加有关。这项研究的数据于 2014 年从美国华盛顿州（n = 751）和澳大利亚维多利亚州（n = 777）具有代表性的、性别平衡的 25 岁人群中收集。逻辑回归表明，工作场所的酒精供应、缺乏书面酒精政策以及酒精容忍的工作场所规范和态度与在职酒精使用或损伤的可能性增加 1.5 至 3 倍独立相关。酒精容忍的工作场所规范也与高风险饮酒的可能性增加有关，这与在职酒精使用或损伤无关。这些关联在华盛顿和维多利亚基本相似，尽管维多利亚的年轻人认为他们的工作场所更容忍酒精，并且更有可能在工作中使用酒精或出现损伤，以及更普遍地滥用酒精，而华盛顿的年轻人则不然。在跨国层面上，限制酒精供应、禁止工作场所饮酒以及减少酒精容忍规范的工作场所干预措施有可能预防和减少年轻人在职和离职时的酒精使用和滥用。
