Blaudez Fanny, Ivanovski Saso, Vaquette Cedryck
School of Dentistry, Centre for Oral Regeneration, Reconstruction and Rehabilitation (COR3), The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia.
School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
J Funct Biomater. 2023 Sep 19;14(9):479. doi: 10.3390/jfb14090479.
Scaffolds have been used to promote periodontal regeneration by providing control over the spacio-temporal healing of the periodontium (cementum, periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone). This study proposes to enhance the biofunctionality of a biphasic scaffold for periodontal regeneration by means of cell-laid extracellular matrix (ECM) decoration. To this end, a melt electrowritten scaffold was cultured with human osteoblasts for the deposition of bone-specific ECM. In parallel, periodontal ligament cells were used to form a cell sheet, which was later combined with the bone ECM scaffold to form a biphasic PDL-bone construct. The resulting biphasic construct was decellularised to remove all cellular components while preserving the deposited matrix. Decellularisation efficacy was confirmed in vitro, before the regenerative performance of freshly decellularised constructs was compared to that of 3-months stored freeze-dried scaffolds in a rodent periodontal defect model. Four weeks post-surgery, microCT revealed similar bone formation in all groups. Histology showed higher amounts of newly formed cementum and periodontal attachment in the fresh and freeze-dried ECM functionalised scaffolds, although it did not reach statistical significance. This study demonstrated that the positive effect of ECM decoration was preserved after freeze-drying and storing the construct for 3 months, which has important implications for clinical translation.
支架已被用于通过控制牙周组织（牙骨质、牙周韧带（PDL）和牙槽骨）的时空愈合来促进牙周再生。本研究提出通过细胞铺设的细胞外基质（ECM）修饰来增强用于牙周再生的双相支架的生物功能。为此，将熔融电纺支架与人成骨细胞一起培养，以沉积骨特异性ECM。同时，使用牙周韧带细胞形成细胞片，随后将其与骨ECM支架结合，形成双相PDL-骨构建体。对所得的双相构建体进行脱细胞处理，以去除所有细胞成分，同时保留沉积的基质。在体外确认了脱细胞效果，然后将新鲜脱细胞构建体的再生性能与在啮齿动物牙周缺损模型中储存3个月的冻干支架的再生性能进行比较。术后四周，微型计算机断层扫描（microCT）显示所有组中的骨形成相似。组织学显示，在新鲜和冻干的ECM功能化支架中，新形成的牙骨质和牙周附着量更高，尽管未达到统计学意义。本研究表明，在将构建体冻干并储存3个月后，ECM修饰的积极作用得以保留，这对临床转化具有重要意义。
