Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2023 Nov;22(6):4758-4785. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.13242. Epub 2023 Sep 26.
Mycotoxins, which are fungal metabolites, pose a significant global food safety concern by extensively contaminating food and feed, thereby seriously threatening public health and economic development. Many foodborne mycotoxins exhibit potent intestinal toxicity. However, the mechanisms underlying mycotoxin-induced intestinal toxicity are diverse and complex, and effective prevention or treatment methods for this condition have not yet been established in clinical and animal husbandry practices. In recent years, there has been increasing attention to the role of gut microbiota in the occurrence and development of intestinal diseases. Hence, this review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the intestinal toxicity mechanisms of six common foodborne mycotoxins. It also explores novel toxicity mechanisms through the "key gut microbiota-key metabolites-key targets" axis, utilizing multiomics and precision toxicology studies with a specific focus on gut microbiota. Additionally, we examine the potential beneficial effects of probiotic supplementation on mycotoxin-induced toxicity based on initial gut microbiota-mediated mycotoxicity. This review offers a systematic description of how mycotoxins impact gut microbiota, metabolites, and genes or proteins, providing valuable insights for subsequent toxicity studies of mycotoxins. Furthermore, it lays a theoretical foundation for preventing and treating intestinal toxicity caused by mycotoxins and advancing food safety practices.
真菌代谢产物真菌毒素广泛污染食物和饲料，对全球食品安全构成重大威胁，严重威胁公众健康和经济发展。许多食源性真菌毒素具有很强的肠道毒性。然而，真菌毒素诱导的肠道毒性的机制是多样和复杂的，在临床和畜牧业实践中尚未建立有效的预防或治疗方法。近年来，人们越来越关注肠道微生物群在肠道疾病发生和发展中的作用。因此，本综述旨在全面总结六种常见食源性真菌毒素的肠道毒性机制。它还通过“关键肠道微生物群-关键代谢物-关键靶点”轴探索新的毒性机制，利用多组学和精准毒理学研究，特别关注肠道微生物群。此外，我们还根据初步的肠道微生物群介导的真菌毒素毒性，研究了益生菌补充对真菌毒素诱导的毒性的潜在有益影响。本综述系统地描述了真菌毒素如何影响肠道微生物群、代谢物以及基因或蛋白质，为后续的真菌毒素毒性研究提供了有价值的见解。此外，它为预防和治疗真菌毒素引起的肠道毒性以及推进食品安全实践奠定了理论基础。
