Veterinary Faculty, Institute of Food Safety, Feed and Environment, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Boulevard Zogu 1, 25/1, 1000 Tirana, Albania.
Toxins (Basel). 2023 Sep 12;15(9):567. doi: 10.3390/toxins15090567.
In this study, aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA) were analyzed in grains, specifically wheat and corn, from Albania. To summarize, 71 wheat and 45 corn samples from different growing areas were collected. The multi-toxin analytical procedure involved sample extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The incidence of AF was 18% in the analyzed wheat and 71% in the corn samples. The concentration of AFs was much higher in the corn samples than in the wheat samples. The maximum permitted levels for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and total AFs were not exceeded in the wheat samples, while they were exceeded in 36% of the corn samples. In the wheat samples, the AFB1 concentration varied between 0.2 and 0.4 µg kg. However, the highest concentrations in the corn samples were 2057, 2944, and 3550 µg kg. OTA was present in only three corn samples and one wheat sample. However, all contaminated samples exceeded the maximum permitted levels. This report reveals the presence of AFs and OTA in grain commodities, specifically wheat and corn, grown in Albania.
在这项研究中，分析了来自阿尔巴尼亚的谷物（小麦和玉米）中的黄曲霉毒素（AFs）和赭曲霉毒素 A（OTA）。总的来说，采集了来自不同种植区的 71 份小麦和 45 份玉米样本。多毒素分析程序包括样品提取和液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）。在分析的小麦中，AF 的发生率为 18%，而在玉米样本中为 71%。玉米样本中的 AFs 浓度明显高于小麦样本。小麦样本中未超过黄曲霉毒素 B1（AFB1）和总 AFs 的最大允许水平，但在 36%的玉米样本中超过了该水平。在小麦样本中，AFB1 浓度在 0.2 至 0.4μg/kg 之间变化。然而，在玉米样本中，浓度最高的分别为 2057、2944 和 3550μg/kg。OTA 仅存在于三个玉米样本和一个小麦样本中。然而，所有受污染的样本均超过了最大允许水平。本报告揭示了 AFs 和 OTA 存在于阿尔巴尼亚种植的谷物商品（小麦和玉米）中。
