From the The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA (J.D.B., R.K., K.M.W.); and Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan (M.J.).
J Occup Environ Med. 2023 Dec 1;65(12):e791-e796. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002984. Epub 2023 Sep 25.
The aim of the study is to examine associations between occupational pregnancy discrimination, maternal, and child health.
A nationwide sample of individuals currently in their third trimester of pregnancy who worked full-time (>35 hr/wk) were recruited. Surveys were completed during the third trimester and 6 weeks postpartum.
Respondents ( N = 183) were mostly White (57.9%), had at least a bachelor's degree (60.8%), and worked 40.3 hr/wk. Occupational pregnancy discrimination increased the odds of clinically significant depressive/anxiety symptoms by 8% and 17%, respectively (odds ratio = 1.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.0-1.1; odds ratio = 1.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.1-1.2). Discrimination was also associated with postpartum depression occurrence ( P = 0.02). Social support level mitigated the association between pregnancy discrimination, depressive symptoms (β = 2.1, P < 0.01), and anxiety symptoms (β = 7.25, P < 0.01).
Poorer mental health during and after pregnancy was associated with occupational pregnancy discrimination but effects were mitigated by social support.
本研究旨在探讨职业妊娠歧视与产妇和儿童健康之间的关联。
招募了一组目前处于妊娠晚期（>35 小时/周）的全职工作的个体作为全国性样本。调查在妊娠晚期和产后 6 周进行。
受访者（N=183）主要为白人（57.9%），至少拥有学士学位（60.8%），每周工作 40.3 小时。职业妊娠歧视分别使临床显著抑郁/焦虑症状的几率增加了 8%和 17%（优势比=1.1，95%置信区间：1.0-1.1；优势比=1.2，95%置信区间：1.1-1.2）。歧视也与产后抑郁症的发生有关（P=0.02）。社会支持水平减轻了妊娠歧视与抑郁症状（β=2.1，P<0.01）和焦虑症状（β=7.25，P<0.01）之间的关联。
妊娠期间和之后较差的心理健康与职业妊娠歧视有关，但社会支持减轻了这种关联。
