Center for Reproductive Medicine, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jiangxi Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China.
Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2023 Nov;74(7):730-745. doi: 10.1080/09637486.2023.2262780. Epub 2023 Nov 15.
Diet is a critical regulator for physiological metabolism and tissue homeostasis, with a close relation to health and disease. As an important organ for digestion and absorption, the intestine comes into direct contact with many dietary components. The rapid renewal of its mucosal epithelium depends on the continuous proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs). The function and metabolism of ISCs can be controlled by a variety of dietary patterns including calorie restriction, fasting, high-fat, ketogenic, and high-sugar diets, as well as different nutrients including vitamins, amino acids, dietary fibre, and probiotics. Therefore, dietary interventions targeting ISCs may make it possible to prevent and treat intestinal disorders such as colon cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, and radiation enteritis. This review summarised recent research on the role and mechanism of diet in regulating ISCs, and discussed the potential of dietary modulation for intestinal diseases.
饮食是生理代谢和组织稳态的关键调节剂，与健康和疾病密切相关。肠道作为消化和吸收的重要器官，与许多膳食成分直接接触。其黏膜上皮的快速更新依赖于肠干细胞（ISCs）的持续增殖和分化。ISCs 的功能和代谢可以通过多种饮食模式来控制，包括热量限制、禁食、高脂肪、生酮和高糖饮食，以及不同的营养素，如维生素、氨基酸、膳食纤维和益生菌。因此，针对 ISCs 的饮食干预可能有可能预防和治疗肠道疾病，如结肠癌、炎症性肠病和放射性肠炎。本综述总结了饮食在调节 ISCs 中的作用和机制的最新研究，并讨论了饮食调节在肠道疾病中的潜在应用。
