Lehtonen Aleksi, Eyvindson Kyle, Härkönen Kari, Leppä Kersti, Salmivaara Aura, Peltoniemi Mikko, Salminen Olli, Sarkkola Sakari, Launiainen Samuli, Ojanen Paavo, Räty Minna, Mäkipää Raisa
Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790, Helsinki, Finland.
Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences NMBU, P.O. Box 5003, 1433, Ås, Norway.
Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 27;13(1):15510. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-42315-7.
Land-based mitigation measures are needed to achieve climate targets. One option is the mitigation of currently high greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of nutrient-rich drained peatland forest soils. Continuous cover forestry (CCF) has been proposed as a measure to manage this GHG emission source; however, its emission reduction potential and impact on timber production at regional and national scales have not been quantified. To quantify the potential emission reduction, we simulated four management scenarios for Finnish forests: (i) The replacement of clear-cutting by selection harvesting on nutrient-rich drained peatlands (CCF) and (ii) the current forest management regime (BAU), and both at two harvest levels, namely (i) the mean annual harvesting (2016-2018) and (ii) the maximum sustainable yield. The simulations were conducted at the stand scale with a forest simulator (MELA) coupled with a hydrological model (SpaFHy), soil C model (Yasso07) and empirical GHG exchange models. Simulations showed that the management scenario that avoided clear-cutting on nutrient-rich drained peatlands (i.e. CCF) produced approximately 1 Tg CO eq. higher carbon sinks annually compared with BAU at equal harvest level for Finland. This emission reduction can be attributed to the maintenance of a higher biomass sink and to the mitigation of soil emissions from nutrient-rich drained peatland sites.
需要采取基于陆地的缓解措施来实现气候目标。一种选择是减少目前营养丰富的排水泥炭地森林土壤中较高的温室气体（GHG）排放。连续覆盖林业（CCF）已被提议作为管理这一温室气体排放源的一项措施；然而，其在区域和国家层面的减排潜力以及对木材生产的影响尚未得到量化。为了量化潜在的减排量，我们模拟了芬兰森林的四种管理情景：（i）在营养丰富的排水泥炭地上用择伐取代皆伐（CCF），以及（ii）当前的森林管理制度（BAU），且两种情景都设置了两个采伐水平，即（i）年均采伐量（2016 - 2018年）和（ii）最大可持续产量。模拟是在林分尺度上进行的，使用了一个森林模拟器（MELA），并结合了一个水文模型（SpaFHy）、土壤碳模型（Yasso07）和经验性温室气体交换模型。模拟结果表明，在芬兰同等采伐水平下，避免在营养丰富的排水泥炭地上进行皆伐的管理情景（即CCF）每年产生的碳汇比BAU大约高1 Tg CO₂当量。这种减排可归因于维持了更高的生物量碳汇以及减少了营养丰富的排水泥炭地土壤的排放。
