Department of Orthopeadics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
J Transl Med. 2023 Sep 27;21(1):668. doi: 10.1186/s12967-023-04563-z.
Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease characterized by low bone mass, microarchitectural deterioration, increased bone fragility, and fracture susceptibility. It commonly occurs in older people, especially postmenopausal women. As global ageing increases, osteoporosis has become a global burden. There are a number of medications available for the treatment of osteoporosis, categorized as anabolic and anti-resorptive. Unfortunately, there is no drugs which have dual influence on bone, while all drugs have limitations and adverse events. Some serious adverse events include jaw osteonecrosis and atypical femoral fracture. Recently, a novel medication has appeared that challenges this pattern. Romosozumab is a novel drug monoclonal antibody to sclerostin encoded by the SOST gene. It has been used in Japan since 2019 and has achieved promising results in treating osteoporosis. However, it is also accompanied by some controversy. While it promotes rapid bone growth, it may cause serious adverse events such as cardiovascular diseases. There has been scepticism about the drug since its inception. Therefore, the present review comprehensively covered romosozumab from its inception to its clinical application, from animal studies to human studies, and from safety to cost. We hope to provide a better understanding of romosozumab for its clinical application.
骨质疏松症是一种全身性骨骼疾病，其特征是骨量低、微结构恶化、骨脆性增加和骨折易感性增加。它常见于老年人，特别是绝经后妇女。随着全球老龄化的增加，骨质疏松症已成为全球负担。有许多药物可用于治疗骨质疏松症，分为合成代谢和抗吸收两类。不幸的是，没有一种药物对骨骼有双重影响，而所有药物都有局限性和不良反应。一些严重的不良反应包括颌骨坏死和非典型股骨骨折。最近，一种新型药物出现，挑战了这一模式。罗莫佐单抗是一种新型药物，是编码 SOST 基因的硬骨素单克隆抗体。自 2019 年在日本上市以来，它在治疗骨质疏松症方面取得了令人瞩目的效果。然而，它也伴随着一些争议。虽然它促进了骨骼的快速生长，但可能会引起严重的不良反应，如心血管疾病。自该药问世以来，人们一直对此持怀疑态度。因此，本综述从罗莫佐单抗的起源到临床应用，从动物研究到人体研究，从安全性到成本，全面涵盖了罗莫佐单抗。我们希望为其临床应用提供更好的了解。
