Vasconcelos Raquel O, Gordillo-Martinez Flora, Ramos Andreia, Lau Ieng Hou
Institute of Science and Environment, University of Saint Joseph, Macao, China.
MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal.
Biology (Basel). 2023 Aug 24;12(9):1165. doi: 10.3390/biology12091165.
Noise pollution is creating a wide range of health problems related to physiological stress and anxiety that impact the social life of vertebrates, including humans. Ageing is known to be associated with changes in susceptibility to acoustic stimuli; however, the interaction between noise effects and senescence is not well understood. We tested the effects of 24 h continuous white noise (150 dB re 1 Pa) on both young adults and old zebrafish in terms of anxiety (novel tank diving test), social interactions (with mirror/conspecific attraction), and shoaling behaviour. Both noise and ageing induced higher anxiety responses in a novel environment. Since the old zebrafish showed longer bottom dwelling, acoustic treatment induced the opposite pattern with an initial increase in vertical exploration in the aged individuals. Both noise- and age-related anxiety responses were lowered when individuals were tested within a group. Regarding social interactions, both noise and ageing seemed to cause an increase in their proximity to a mirror. Although the results were not statistically significant, noise exposure seemed to further enhance conspecific attraction. Moreover, the interindividual distance within a shoal decreased with noise treatment in the aged individuals. This study is a first attempt to investigate the effects of both noise and ageing on zebrafish behaviour, suggesting the age-dependent physiological coping mechanisms associated with environmental stress.
噪音污染正在引发一系列与生理压力和焦虑相关的健康问题，这些问题影响着包括人类在内的脊椎动物的社会生活。众所周知，衰老与对声音刺激的易感性变化有关；然而，噪音影响与衰老之间的相互作用尚未得到充分理解。我们测试了24小时连续白噪声（150分贝，以1帕斯卡为基准）对年轻成年斑马鱼和老年斑马鱼在焦虑（新水箱潜水测试）、社交互动（与镜子/同种吸引）和群居行为方面的影响。噪音和衰老都会在新环境中引发更高的焦虑反应。由于老年斑马鱼在水底停留的时间更长，声学处理在老年个体中引发了相反的模式，即垂直探索最初增加。当个体在群体中接受测试时，与噪音和年龄相关的焦虑反应都会降低。关于社交互动，噪音和衰老似乎都会导致它们靠近镜子的频率增加。尽管结果没有统计学意义，但噪音暴露似乎进一步增强了同种吸引。此外，在老年个体中，群居时个体间的距离随着噪音处理而减小。本研究首次尝试探究噪音和衰老对斑马鱼行为的影响，表明了与环境压力相关的年龄依赖性生理应对机制。
