Teaching and Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil.
Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Histology and Embryology Department, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, Brazil.
Biomolecules. 2023 Sep 4;13(9):1342. doi: 10.3390/biom13091342.
The burden of musculoskeletal disorders (MSK) is increasing worldwide. It affects millions of people worldwide, decreases their quality of life, and can cause mortality. The treatment of such conditions is challenging and often requires surgery. Thus, it is necessary to discuss new strategies. The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in several diseases has been investigated with relative success. However, this potential is hindered by their limited stemness and expansion ability in vitro and their high donor variability. MSC derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have emerged as an alternative treatment for MSK diseases. These cells present distinct features, such as a juvenile phenotype, in addition to higher stemness, proliferation, and differentiation potential than those of MSC. Here, we review the opportunities, challenges, and applications of iPSC as relevant clinical therapeutic cell sources for MSK disorders. We discuss iPSC sources from which to derive iMSC and the advantages and disadvantages of iMSC over MSC as a therapeutic approach. We further summarize the main preclinical and clinical studies exploring the therapeutic potential of iMSC in MSK disorders.
肌肉骨骼疾病（MSK）的负担在全球范围内不断增加。它影响着全球数百万人，降低了他们的生活质量，并可能导致死亡。此类疾病的治疗具有挑战性，通常需要手术。因此，有必要讨论新的策略。间充质干细胞（MSC）在几种疾病中的治疗潜力已被相对成功地研究。然而，其在体外的有限干性和扩增能力以及高供体变异性阻碍了这种潜力。诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）衍生的 MSC 已成为治疗 MSK 疾病的一种替代方法。这些细胞具有独特的特征，例如年轻表型，以及比 MSC 更高的干性、增殖和分化潜力。在这里，我们回顾了 iPSC 作为 MSK 疾病相关临床治疗细胞来源的机遇、挑战和应用。我们讨论了从中衍生 iMSC 的 iPSC 来源，以及 iMSC 作为治疗方法相对于 MSC 的优缺点。我们进一步总结了主要的临床前和临床研究，探索了 iMSC 在 MSK 疾病中的治疗潜力。
