Licht Christiane, Herbrandt Swetlana, van Meegen Carmen, Lehfeld Hartmut, Hillemacher Thomas, Richter Kneginja
University Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Paracelsus Medical University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany.
Statistical Consulting and Analysis, Center for Higher Education, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
Brain Sci. 2023 Sep 17;13(9):1335. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13091335.
In recent years, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has received much attention as a non-invasive, effective treatment modality for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Although several meta-analyses have reported that rTMS can improve cognitive abilities, improvements in individual memory domains (speech, language, concentration, and memory) are poorly understood. In addition, stimulation parameters may be flawed in studies of global populations because of ethnic differences between Caucasians and Asians. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically characterize the efficacy of different combinations of rTMS parameters on different cognitive domains in Caucasian patients with MCI. We conducted a systematic literature search in Medline PubMed, Pubpsych, and Embase on the use of rTMS in MCI patients through November 2022. Randomized, double-blind, and sham-controlled trials (RCTs) from the Caucasian patient population were included. The studies reported outcome measures for different domains of cognition, such as language, concentration, or memory. Possible effects of covariates were examined using meta-regressions. The search yielded five publications. The analyses found that rTMS improved cognitive functions, memory, concentration, and language in patients with MCI and treatment with rTMS compared with the sham stimulation group. The statistical analysis results of the studies showed that rTMS could improve various cognitive functions, such as memory and concentration, in Caucasian MCI patients. A particular effect was found at a frequency of 10 Hz and stimulation of the LDLPFC. However, further studies are needed to validate these findings and explore more effective stimulation protocols and targets.
近年来，重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）作为一种治疗轻度认知障碍（MCI）的非侵入性有效治疗方式受到了广泛关注。尽管多项荟萃分析报告称rTMS可改善认知能力，但对各个记忆领域（言语、语言、注意力和记忆力）的改善情况仍知之甚少。此外，由于白种人和亚洲人之间的种族差异，全球人群研究中的刺激参数可能存在缺陷。这项荟萃分析旨在系统地描述rTMS参数的不同组合对高加索MCI患者不同认知领域的疗效。我们在Medline PubMed、Pubpsych和Embase上进行了一项系统的文献检索，以查找截至2022年11月使用rTMS治疗MCI患者的研究。纳入了来自高加索患者群体的随机、双盲和假对照试验（RCT）。这些研究报告了不同认知领域的结果指标，如语言、注意力或记忆力。使用荟萃回归分析协变量的可能影响。检索共得到五篇出版物。分析发现，与假刺激组相比，rTMS改善了MCI患者的认知功能、记忆力、注意力和语言能力，且rTMS治疗有效。研究的统计分析结果表明，rTMS可改善高加索MCI患者的各种认知功能，如记忆力和注意力。在10 Hz频率和低频背外侧前额叶皮质（LDLPFC）刺激时发现了特定效果。然而，需要进一步研究来验证这些发现，并探索更有效的刺激方案和靶点。
