K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia.
All Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127550 Moscow, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 12;24(18):13998. doi: 10.3390/ijms241813998.
Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing the choline oxidase gene from showed an increase in resistance at the level of primary and secondary biosynthesis of metabolites, removing the damage characteristic of salinity and stabilizing the condition of plants. We used 200 mM NaCl, which inhibits the growth of tobacco plants at all stages of development. Leaves of transgenic and wild-type (WT) plants were used for biochemical, cytological and molecular biological analysis. However, for transgenic lines cultivated under normal conditions (without salinity), we noted juvenile characteristics, delay in flowering, and slowing down of development, including the photosynthetic apparatus. This caused changes in the amount of chlorophyll, a delay in the plastid grana development with the preservation of prolamellar bodies. It also caused changes in the amount of sugars and indirectly downstream processes. A significant change in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and a change in metabolism is probably compensated by the regulation of a number of genes, the expression level of which was also changed. Thus, the tolerance of transgenic tobacco plants to salinity, which manifested itself as a result of the constitutive expression of , demonstrates an advantage over WT plants, but in the absence of salinity, transgenic plants did not have such advantages due to juvenilization.
转胆碱氧化酶基因的烟草植株表现出对初级和次级代谢物生物合成水平的抗性增加，消除了盐度特征损伤并稳定了植物的状态。我们使用了 200mM 的 NaCl，它抑制了烟草植株在所有发育阶段的生长。我们使用转基因和野生型（WT）植株的叶片进行了生化、细胞学和分子生物学分析。然而，对于在正常条件（无盐度）下培养的转基因系，我们注意到了幼态特征、开花延迟和发育减缓，包括光合作用装置。这导致了叶绿素含量的变化、前质体片层体保存下的质体基粒发育延迟。它还导致了糖的含量变化和下游过程的间接变化。抗氧化酶活性的显著变化和代谢的变化可能通过调节一些基因来补偿，这些基因的表达水平也发生了变化。因此，转胆碱氧化酶基因烟草植株对盐度的耐受性表现为组成型表达的结果，表现出相对于 WT 植株的优势，但在没有盐度的情况下，由于幼态化，转基因植株没有这种优势。
