Bao Ze-Ju, Yang Hong-Yu, Dong Bai-Xin, Chang Fang, Li Chuan-De, Jiang Ying, Chen Liang-Yu, Shu Shi-Li, Jiang Qi-Chuan, Qiu Feng
State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China.
Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Renmin Street No. 5988, Changchun 130025, China.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Sep 15;16(18):6235. doi: 10.3390/ma16186235.
In the general environment of lightweight automobiles, the integrated die-casting technology proposed by Tesla has become the general mode to better achieve weight reduction in automobiles. The die-casting mold required by integrated die-casting technology has the characteristics of large scale and complexity. Hence, higher requirements are put forward for the comprehensive performance of the die steel. Despite the stagnation in the progress of conventional strengthening methods, enhancing the performance of die steel has become increasingly challenging. Indeed, it necessitates exploring novel die steel and optimizing heat treatment and reinforcement technologies. This article summarizes and analyzes the development status of die steel and corresponding heat treatment and microstructure manipulation as well as strengthening methods and elaborates on an excellent nano-strengthening technology. Furthermore, this review will aid researchers in establishing a comprehensive understanding of the development status of die steel and the processes utilized for its strengthening. It will also assist them in developing die steel with improved comprehensive performance to meet the high demand for mold steel in the integrated die-casting technology of the new era.
在轻型汽车的总体环境中，特斯拉提出的一体化压铸技术已成为更好地实现汽车减重的通用模式。一体化压铸技术所需的压铸模具具有规模大、结构复杂的特点。因此，对模具钢的综合性能提出了更高的要求。尽管传统强化方法的进展停滞不前，但提高模具钢的性能变得越来越具有挑战性。事实上，这需要探索新型模具钢并优化热处理和强化技术。本文总结并分析了模具钢的发展现状以及相应的热处理、微观结构控制和强化方法，并详细阐述了一种优异的纳米强化技术。此外，本综述将有助于研究人员全面了解模具钢的发展现状及其强化所采用的工艺。它还将帮助他们开发具有改进综合性能的模具钢，以满足新时代一体化压铸技术对模具钢的高要求。
