Kang Xin, Li Xin-Dong, Zhou Huan-Yu, Wang Feng, Lin Lian-Bing
Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology, Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Kunming 650500, China.
Microorganisms. 2023 Aug 23;11(9):2140. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11092140.
, serves as a growth promoter used in the poultry industry, contributeing to broiler development. However, practical studies are needed to determine the probiotic potential and growth-promoting effects of specific strains. This study aims to determine whether XLK401 influences broiler chicken growth and the mechanisms involved. Notably, we identified several bile salt and acid tolerance-related genes (, , , , and ) in XLK401. This bacterium demonstrates robust probiotic properties under acidic conditions (pH 2.0) and 0.3% bile salt conditions. It also contains a variety of antioxidant-related genes (, , and ), carbohydrate-related genes, gene-encoding glycosidases (e.g., and ), and three clusters of genes associated with antimicrobial compounds. Supplementation with XLK401 significantly increased the body weight of the chicks. In addition, it significantly increased hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities (GSH-Px, SOD, and T-AOC) while significantly decreasing the levels of oxidative damage factors and inflammatory factors (MDA and IL-6), resulting in improved chick health. Improvements in body weight and health status were associated with significant increases in α-amylase activity and the remodeling of the host gut microbiota by XLK401. Among them, actinobacteria abundance in chicken intestines after feeding them XLK401 was significantly decreased, abundance was also significantly decreased, and sp. abundance was significantly increased. This suggests that XLK401 can regulate the abundance of certain bacteria without changing the overall microbial structure. In addition, in the correlation analysis, sp. were positively correlated with SOD and negatively correlated with IL-1β and MDA. Overall, our study demonstrates that XLK401 effectively promotes healthy chick growth. This is made possible by the modulation of gut microbe abundance and the underlying probiotic effect of XLK401. Based on these findings, we postulate XLK401 as a potential efficient growth promoter in broiler farming.
作为家禽业中使用的生长促进剂，有助于肉鸡发育。然而，需要进行实际研究以确定特定菌株的益生菌潜力和生长促进作用。本研究旨在确定XLK401是否影响肉鸡生长及其涉及的机制。值得注意的是，我们在XLK401中鉴定了几个与胆汁盐和酸耐受性相关的基因（、、、和）。这种细菌在酸性条件（pH 2.0）和0.3%胆汁盐条件下表现出强大的益生菌特性。它还包含多种与抗氧化相关的基因（、和）、与碳水化合物相关的基因、编码糖苷酶的基因（例如和）以及与抗菌化合物相关的三个基因簇。补充XLK401显著增加了雏鸡的体重。此外，它显著提高了肝脏抗氧化酶活性（GSH-Px、SOD和T-AOC），同时显著降低了氧化损伤因子和炎症因子（MDA和IL-6）的水平，从而改善了雏鸡健康。体重和健康状况的改善与α-淀粉酶活性的显著增加以及XLK401对宿主肠道微生物群的重塑有关。其中，给鸡喂食XLK401后，鸡肠道中放线菌的丰度显著降低，的丰度也显著降低，而sp.的丰度显著增加。这表明XLK401可以调节某些细菌的丰度而不改变整体微生物结构。此外，在相关性分析中，sp.与SOD呈正相关，与IL-1β和MDA呈负相关。总体而言，我们的研究表明XLK401有效地促进了雏鸡的健康生长。这是通过调节肠道微生物丰度和XLK401潜在的益生菌作用实现的。基于这些发现，我们推测XLK401是肉鸡养殖中一种潜在的高效生长促进剂。
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