Natali Vanessa, Malfatti Francesca, Cibic Tamara
Oceanography Section, National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics-OGS, 34151 Trieste, Italy.
Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
Microorganisms. 2023 Aug 30;11(9):2196. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11092196.
Within the framework of the Interreg Italy-Slovenia programme, the project DuraSoft aimed at testing innovative technologies to improve the durability of traditional wooden structures in socio-ecologically sensitive environments. We focused on the impact of different wood treatments (i.e., copper-based coatings and thermal modification) on microbial biofilm formation in the Grado Lagoon. Wooden samples were placed in 2 areas with diverse hydrodynamic conditions and retrieved after 6, 20, and 40 days. Light, confocal and scanning electron microscopy were employed to assess the treatment effects on the microalgal community abundance and composition. Lower hydrodynamics accelerated the colonisation, leading to higher algal biofilm abundances, regardless of the treatment. The Cu-based agents induced modifications to the microalgal community, leading to lower densities, small-sized diatoms and frequent deformities (e.g., bent apices, frustule malformation) in the genera and . After 20 days, taxa forming 3D mucilaginous structures, such as and , were present on chemically treated panels compared to natural ones. While in the short term, the treatments were effective as antifouling agents, in the long term, neither the copper-based coatings nor the thermal modification successfully slowed down the biofouling colonisation, likely due to the stimulating effect of nutrients and other substances released from these solutions. The need to develop more ecosystem friendly technologies to preserve wooden structures remains urgent.
在意大利-斯洛文尼亚跨境合作项目框架内，“DuraSoft”项目旨在测试创新技术，以提高社会生态敏感环境中传统木结构的耐久性。我们重点研究了不同木材处理方法（即铜基涂层和热改性）对格拉多泻湖微生物生物膜形成的影响。将木质样本放置在两个水动力条件不同的区域，并在6天、20天和40天后取回。采用光学显微镜、共聚焦显微镜和扫描电子显微镜评估处理对微藻群落丰度和组成的影响。无论采用何种处理方法，较低的水动力都会加速定殖，导致藻类生物膜丰度更高。铜基处理剂会引起微藻群落的变化，导致密度降低、硅藻尺寸变小以及某些属（如 和 ）中频繁出现畸形（如顶端弯曲、壳面畸形）。20天后，与天然面板相比，化学处理面板上出现了形成三维黏液结构的分类群，如 和 。虽然短期内这些处理方法作为防污剂是有效的，但从长期来看，铜基涂层和热改性都未能成功减缓生物污损定殖，这可能是由于这些溶液释放的营养物质和其他物质的刺激作用。开发更有利于生态系统的技术来保护木结构的需求仍然紧迫。
