Yao Ruijia, Zhou Tingxue, Ji Shilei, Liu Wei, Li Xing'ao
New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing 210023, China.
School of Science, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology (ZUST), Hangzhou 310023, China.
Molecules. 2023 Sep 13;28(18):6601. doi: 10.3390/molecules28186601.
Hybrid perovskite materials with high light absorption coefficients, long diffusion lengths, and high mobility have attracted much attention, but their commercial development has been seriously hindered by two major problems: instability and lead toxicity. This has led to lead-free halide double perovskite becoming a prominent competitor in the photovoltaic field. For lead-free double perovskites, Pb can be heterovalent, substituted by non-toxic metal cations as a double perovskite structure, which promotes the flexibility of the composition. However, the four component elements and low solubility in the solvent result in synthesis difficulties and phase impurity problems. And material phase purity and film quality are closely related to the number of defects, which can limit the photoelectric performance of solar cells. Therefore, based on this point, we summarize the synthesis methods of CsB'B″X6 double perovskite crystals and thin films. Moreover, in the application of solar cells, the existing research mainly focuses on the formation process of thin films, band gap adjustment, and surface engineering to improve the quality of films and optimize the performance of devices. Finally, we propose that CsB'B″X lead-free perovskites offer a promising pathway toward developing highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.
具有高吸光系数、长扩散长度和高迁移率的混合钙钛矿材料备受关注，但其商业发展受到两个主要问题的严重阻碍：不稳定性和铅毒性。这使得无铅卤化物双钙钛矿成为光伏领域的一个突出竞争者。对于无铅双钙钛矿，Pb 可以是异价的，被无毒金属阳离子取代形成双钙钛矿结构，这促进了成分的灵活性。然而，四种组成元素以及在溶剂中的低溶解度导致合成困难和相杂质问题。而且材料相纯度和薄膜质量与缺陷数量密切相关，这会限制太阳能电池的光电性能。因此，基于这一点，我们总结了 CsB'B″X6 双钙钛矿晶体和薄膜的合成方法。此外，在太阳能电池的应用中，现有研究主要集中在薄膜的形成过程、带隙调整和表面工程，以提高薄膜质量并优化器件性能。最后，我们提出 CsB'B″X 无铅钙钛矿为开发高效稳定的钙钛矿太阳能电池提供了一条有前景的途径。
