Mölsä P K, Marttila R J, Rinne U K
Acta Neurol Scand. 1986 Aug;74(2):103-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1986.tb04634.x.
Survival and causes of death of 218 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and of 115 patients with multi-infarct dementia (MID) were examined. The patients were originally found in a community-based epidemiological survey of dementia, and all patients with AD or MID alive on the prevalence day were included. The 6-years survival rate for AD was 21.1% vs. the expected rate 48.5%, that for MID 11.9% vs. 45.2% expected. A comparison of relative survival rates suggested that MID carries a less favorable survival prognosis than AD. The mean durations were: AD 5.7 years and MID 5.2 years; median duration being 5 years in both diseases. The excess mortality in both AD and MID was independent of age. In AD, the survival rate decreased with increasing severity of dementia, while in MID the mortality was the same regardless of the severity of the dementia. The dementia disorder was the underlying cause of death in 68% of AD patients, and in 38% of MID patients, bronchopneumonia being the most frequent immediate cause of death in both groups. As a cause of death, acute cerebrovascular accidents occurred more often in MID patients than in the general population of comparable age. Malignant diseases were less frequent as a cause of death in both dementia groups than in the general population.
对218例阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者和115例多发梗死性痴呆（MID）患者的生存情况及死亡原因进行了研究。这些患者最初是在一项基于社区的痴呆症流行病学调查中发现的，所有在患病率调查当日仍存活的AD或MID患者均被纳入。AD患者的6年生存率为21.1%，而预期生存率为48.5%；MID患者的6年生存率为11.9%，预期生存率为45.2%。相对生存率的比较表明，MID的生存预后比AD更差。平均病程为：AD患者5.7年，MID患者5.2年；两种疾病的中位病程均为5年。AD和MID患者的超额死亡率均与年龄无关。在AD患者中，生存率随痴呆严重程度的增加而降低，而在MID患者中，无论痴呆严重程度如何，死亡率相同。痴呆症是68%的AD患者和38%的MID患者的潜在死亡原因，两组中最常见的直接死亡原因均为支气管肺炎。作为死亡原因，急性脑血管意外在MID患者中比在同龄普通人群中更常见。与普通人群相比，恶性疾病在两组痴呆患者中作为死亡原因的发生率较低。
