Wowra Patricia, Joanes Tina, Gwozdz Wencke
Department of Consumer Research, Communication & Food Sociology, Justus Liebig University, 35390 Giessen, Germany.
Department of Management, Society and Communication, Copenhagen Business School, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Nutrients. 2023 Sep 14;15(18):3967. doi: 10.3390/nu15183967.
Eating situations are crucial for understanding and changing eating behavior. While research on individual situational dimensions exists, little is known about eating situations as a whole. This study aimed to fill this gap by identifying eating situations as combinations of multiple situational dimensions and describing how stable individuals eat in those situations. In a five-day online diary study, 230 participants reported a total of 2461 meals and described the corresponding eating situation using predefined situational dimensions. Divisive hierarchical cluster analyses were conducted separately for breakfast, lunch, and dinner, resulting in unique cluster solutions that characterized the most common eating situations. The most common breakfast situations were characterized by a combination of the dimensions social, affect, and hunger. The most common lunch and dinner situations were characterized by varying combinations of the dimensions social, affect, and activity. Based on the identified situations, a situational stability index was developed to describe how stable individuals eat in the same situations. The findings suggest high interindividual differences in situational stability, which were associated with socio-demographic characteristics like age or employment. This study enhances our understanding of the situational aspects of eating behavior while offering tools to describe eating situations and situational stability.
饮食情境对于理解和改变饮食行为至关重要。虽然已有关于个体情境维度的研究，但对于整体饮食情境却知之甚少。本研究旨在通过将饮食情境识别为多个情境维度的组合，并描述个体在这些情境中的饮食稳定性来填补这一空白。在一项为期五天的在线日记研究中，230名参与者共报告了2461餐，并使用预先定义的情境维度描述了相应的饮食情境。分别对早餐、午餐和晚餐进行了分裂层次聚类分析，得出了表征最常见饮食情境的独特聚类结果。最常见的早餐情境的特征是社交、情感和饥饿维度的组合。最常见的午餐和晚餐情境的特征是社交、情感和活动维度的不同组合。基于所识别的情境，开发了一个情境稳定性指数来描述个体在相同情境中的饮食稳定性。研究结果表明情境稳定性存在高度的个体间差异，这些差异与年龄或就业等社会人口学特征相关。本研究增进了我们对饮食行为情境方面的理解，同时提供了描述饮食情境和情境稳定性的工具。
