Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41004 Seville, Spain.
Nutrients. 2022 Jul 8;14(14):2811. doi: 10.3390/nu14142811.
Daily routines may influence eating patterns; however, differences in intake on weekdays and at weekends have rarely been explored. Furthermore, these differences have not been analyzed among university students (a particularly interesting group among the younger generations). The aim of the study was to evaluate weekend−weekday variation in the Mediterranean diet among Spanish university students, while investigating the potential influence of age, gender, studies, body mass index, smoking status and physical activity status. A repeated-measurement 28-day cross-sectional observational study with self-reported dietary intake collected using the e12HR app was conducted. There were 361 participants: average age 20.6 years; 72.9% women; 58.2% students of Pharmacy; average BMI 21.9 kg/m2; 91.4% nonsmokers; 77.6% performed ≥150 min/week of physical activity. Outcome measurements were adherence to the Mediterranean diet (AMD) index and percentage of participants meeting recommendations for each food group on weekdays and at weekends. In all subgroups, Spanish university students’ global diet was associated with low AMD, with poorer diet quality (>12% reductions in mean scores of AMD index and >26% reductions in adequate adherence scores (≥9)) at weekends. In conclusion, weekend health behaviors of Spanish university students displayed less favorable eating behavior, making the weekend an important target for public health interventions aiming to improve dietary intake.
日常生活习惯可能会影响饮食模式；然而，工作日和周末的摄入量差异很少被探究。此外，这些差异在大学生群体（年轻人中一个特别有趣的群体）中也尚未被分析过。本研究旨在评估西班牙大学生的地中海饮食在周末-工作日的变化情况，并调查年龄、性别、学业、体重指数、吸烟状况和身体活动状况等因素的潜在影响。采用重复测量 28 天的横断面观察性研究，使用 e12HR 应用程序收集自我报告的饮食摄入数据。共有 361 名参与者：平均年龄 20.6 岁；72.9%为女性；58.2%为药学专业学生；平均 BMI 为 21.9kg/m2；91.4%不吸烟；77.6%每周进行≥150 分钟的身体活动。主要观察指标为地中海饮食（AMD）指数的依从性以及参与者在工作日和周末满足每种食物组推荐摄入量的比例。在所有亚组中，西班牙大学生的整体饮食与 AMD 低相关，周末的饮食质量更差（AMD 指数平均得分下降>12%，充分依从性得分下降>26%（≥9））。总之，西班牙大学生的周末健康行为表现出较差的饮食行为，使周末成为改善饮食摄入的公共卫生干预的重要目标。
