Li Hanxiao, Niu Junhui, Wang Xiaoli, Niu Mingfu, Liao Chengshui
Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Anmal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
Pharmaceutics. 2023 Sep 4;15(9):2278. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092278.
The development of novel antimicrobial agents to replace antibiotics has become urgent due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), widely distributed in all kingdoms of life, present strong antimicrobial activity against a variety of bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. The potential of AMPs as new alternatives to antibiotics has gradually attracted considerable interest. In addition, AMPs exhibit strong anticancer potential as well as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity. Many studies have provided evidence that AMPs can recruit and activate immune cells, controlling inflammation. This review highlights the scientific literature focusing on evidence for the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of different AMPs in immune cells, including macrophages, monocytes, lymphocytes, mast cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils. A variety of immunomodulatory characteristics, including the abilities to activate and differentiate immune cells, change the content and expression of inflammatory mediators, and regulate specific cellular functions and inflammation-related signaling pathways, are summarized and discussed in detail. This comprehensive review contributes to a better understanding of the role of AMPs in the regulation of the immune system and provides a reference for the use of AMPs as novel anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases.
由于多重耐药微生物的出现，开发新型抗菌剂以替代抗生素已变得迫在眉睫。抗菌肽（AMPs）广泛分布于所有生物界，对多种细菌、真菌、寄生虫和病毒具有强大的抗菌活性。抗菌肽作为抗生素新替代品的潜力逐渐引起了人们的广泛关注。此外，抗菌肽还具有强大的抗癌潜力以及抗炎和免疫调节活性。许多研究已提供证据表明，抗菌肽可募集并激活免疫细胞，从而控制炎症。本综述重点介绍了科学文献中有关不同抗菌肽在免疫细胞（包括巨噬细胞、单核细胞、淋巴细胞、肥大细胞、树突状细胞、中性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞）中的抗炎机制的证据。详细总结并讨论了多种免疫调节特性，包括激活和分化免疫细胞的能力、改变炎症介质的含量和表达，以及调节特定细胞功能和炎症相关信号通路的能力。这一全面综述有助于更好地理解抗菌肽在免疫系统调节中的作用，并为将抗菌肽用作治疗各种炎症性疾病的新型抗炎药物提供参考。
