Hamie Najwane, Nacouzi Diana, Choker Mariam, Salameh Maya, Darwiche Linda, El Kayal Walid
Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences (FAFS), American University of Beirut (AUB), P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut 1107, Lebanon.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Sep 12;12(18):3237. doi: 10.3390/plants12183237.
Table grapes are harvested based on well-known maturity indices that must be monitored after fruit veraison. The aim of this study was to assess these indices across multiple locations and environmental conditions, encompassing different table grape cultivars such as Black Pearl, Crimson Seedless, Superior Seedless, and Red Globe. For this reason, grape sampling was conducted across six distinct locations characterized by varying altitudes above sea level (m asl) and environmental conditions over the ripening season. The main maturity indices, including pH, sugar content, titratable acidity, berry firmness, and other parameters were monitored over the growing season. Moreover, the quantification of total polyphenols, total anthocyanins, and antioxidant activity was determined using spectrophotometric assays at harvesting. The study has examined the effect of the vineyard's location on grape quality and its interaction with the cultivar and environment. Crimson Seedless maintained a relatively high level of acidity with altitude near harvesting. Black Pearl exhibited a notable decline in both sugar content and berry firmness as elevation increased, whereas Red Globe demonstrated contrasting outcomes. The optimal maturity of Superior Seedless was observed at an elevation of 1000 m asl. Black Pearl and Crimson Seedless exhibited better adaptability to intermediate elevations (650 and 950 m asl), while Red Globe and Superior Seedless showed better adaptability to higher elevations (1000-1150 m asl). Among the studied cultivars, Black Pearl exhibited significantly higher levels of total polyphenols and anthocyanins, while close values were noticed between red and green cultivars.
鲜食葡萄是根据众所周知的成熟度指标进行采收的，这些指标必须在果实转色后进行监测。本研究的目的是在多个地点和环境条件下评估这些指标，涵盖不同的鲜食葡萄品种，如黑珍珠、绯红无核、超级无核和红地球。因此，在六个不同的地点进行了葡萄采样，这些地点的特点是海拔高度（米海拔）不同，且在成熟季节的环境条件也不同。在生长季节监测了主要的成熟度指标，包括pH值、糖含量、可滴定酸度、浆果硬度和其他参数。此外，在收获时使用分光光度法测定了总多酚、总花青素和抗氧化活性的含量。该研究考察了葡萄园位置对葡萄品质的影响及其与品种和环境的相互作用。在收获时，绯红无核在海拔较高处保持相对较高的酸度水平。随着海拔升高，黑珍珠的糖含量和浆果硬度均显著下降，而红地球则呈现出相反的结果。超级无核在海拔1000米处观察到最佳成熟度。黑珍珠和绯红无核对中等海拔（650和950米）表现出更好的适应性，而红地球和超级无核对较高海拔（1000 - 1150米）表现出更好的适应性。在所研究的品种中，黑珍珠的总多酚和花青素含量显著更高，而红色和绿色品种之间的数值相近。
