Biomedical Engineering Lab, Bern University of Applied Sciences, 2501 Biel, Switzerland.
Laboratory for Movement Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Sep 11;23(18):7808. doi: 10.3390/s23187808.
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder that causes abnormal spinal deformities. The early screening of children and adolescents is crucial to identify and prevent the further progression of AIS. In clinical examinations, scoliometers are often used to noninvasively estimate the primary Cobb angle, and optical 3D scanning systems have also emerged as alternative noninvasive approaches for this purpose. The recent advances in low-cost 3D scanners have led to their use in several studies to estimate the primary Cobb angle or even internal spinal alignment. However, none of these studies demonstrate whether such a low-cost scanner satisfies the minimal requirements for capturing the relevant deformities of the human back. To practically quantify the minimal required spatial resolution and camera resolution to capture the geometry and shape of the deformities of the human back, we used multiple 3D scanning methodologies and systems. The results from an evaluation of 30 captures of AIS patients and 76 captures of healthy subjects showed that the minimal required spatial resolution is between 2 mm and 5 mm, depending on the chosen error tolerance. Therefore, a minimal camera resolution of 640 × 480 pixels is recommended for use in future studies.
青少年特发性脊柱侧凸（AIS）是一种常见的肌肉骨骼疾病，会导致脊柱畸形。对儿童和青少年进行早期筛查对于识别和预防 AIS 的进一步发展至关重要。在临床检查中，脊柱测角仪常用于非侵入性地估计主 Cobb 角，而光学 3D 扫描系统也已成为这一目的的替代非侵入性方法。低成本 3D 扫描仪的最新进展已导致它们在几项研究中用于估计主 Cobb 角，甚至是内部脊柱排列。然而，这些研究都没有证明这种低成本扫描仪是否满足了捕捉人类背部相关畸形的最低要求。为了实际量化捕捉人类背部畸形的几何形状和形状所需的最小空间分辨率和相机分辨率，我们使用了多种 3D 扫描方法和系统。对 30 例 AIS 患者和 76 例健康受试者的 30 次采集的评估结果表明，最小所需的空间分辨率在 2mm 到 5mm 之间，具体取决于所选的误差容限。因此，建议在未来的研究中使用最小 640×480 像素的相机分辨率。
