Counteractive role of leaf extract on hematological and coagulation disturbance in Type 2 diabetic rats.

BACKGROUND AND AIM

Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of mortality worldwide associated with hyperglycemia-induced hematological aberrations and thromboembolic complications. This study aimed to explore the modulatory effect of leaf aqueous crude extract (TCLE) on hematological and coagulation disturbances in a Type 2 diabetic rat model.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

High-fat diet streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated orally with 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight TCLE daily for 28 days. Full blood count, coagulation parameters, plasma calcium (Ca), and erythrocyte glycogen (GLYC) levels were assessed using standard procedures.

RESULTS

leaf aqueous crude extract treatment had a significant (p < 0.05) prolonging effect on clotting and bleeding times while increasing Ca, GLYC and mean corpuscular volume in diabetic rats. On the other hand, lymphocytes (LYM), platelet (PLT) count, mean PLT volume, neutrophil-LYM ratio (NLR), and PLT-LYM ratio (PLR) of TCLE-treated diabetic animals were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) compared with untreated diabetic animals. Lymphocyte, PLT count, NLR, and PLR correlated positively (p < 0.05) with plasma glucose, while a significant positive association was observed between Ca and GLYC. On the other hand, a strong negative association (p < 0.05) was observed between clotting time and fasting plasma glucose.

CONCLUSION

These findings suggest that leaf extract may be useful in reversing diabetic-mediated hematological anomalies due to its anticoagulant and anti-anemic activities.