Gurov A V, Yushkina M A, Muzhichkova A V
N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
Sverzhevsky Research Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow, Russia.
Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2023;88(4):9-13. doi: 10.17116/otorino2022880419.
The cerumen impaction is a pathological accumulation of earwax in the external auditory canal, which is accompanied by hearing loss, heaviness and discomfort in the ear, which leads to a significant decrease in the quality of life. The authors of the article consider the most common causes of excessive formation of cerumen, the mechanisms that prevent the normal separation of cerumen from the ear canal and the age-related features of the composition of earwax. The article discusses various ways to remove cerumen impaction, indications and contraindications to them. The authors conclude that the most effective and gentle way to evacuate sulfuric masses is the use of cerumenolytics, drugs that break down and thin the cerumen impaction, which facilitates its subsequent removal. Cerumenolytics based on plant components gently affect the skin of the outer ear, which allows them to be used for the purpose of hygiene of the ear canal and prevention of the formation of excess cerumen.
耵聍栓塞是外耳道内耵聍的病理性积聚，伴有听力损失、耳部沉重感和不适感，导致生活质量显著下降。本文作者探讨了耵聍过度形成的最常见原因、阻碍耵聍从耳道正常分离的机制以及耵聍成分的年龄相关特征。文章讨论了清除耵聍栓塞的各种方法、其适应证和禁忌证。作者得出结论，清除耵聍团块最有效且温和的方法是使用耵聍溶解剂，即能分解并稀释耵聍栓塞的药物，这便于随后将其清除。基于植物成分的耵聍溶解剂对外耳皮肤有温和作用，使其可用于耳道清洁及预防过多耵聍形成。
