Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , Groningen, The Netherlands.
mBio. 2023 Oct 31;14(5):e0129523. doi: 10.1128/mbio.01295-23. Epub 2023 Sep 28.
Many of the current pandemic threats are caused by viruses that infect the respiratory tract. Remarkably though, the majority of vaccines and antiviral drugs are administered via alternative routes. In this perspective, we argue that the pulmonary route of administration deserves more attention in the search for novel therapeutic strategies against respiratory virus infections. Firstly, vaccines administered at the viral portal of entry can induce a broader immune response, employing the mucosal arm of the immune system; secondly, direct administration of antiviral drugs at the target site leads to superior bioavailability, enabling lower dosing and reducing the chance of side effects. We further elaborate on why the pulmonary route may induce a superior effect compared to the intranasal route of administration and provide reasons why dry powder formulations for inhalation have significant advantages over standard liquid formulations.
目前许多大流行威胁都是由感染呼吸道的病毒引起的。然而，值得注意的是，大多数疫苗和抗病毒药物都是通过其他途径给药的。在这篇观点文章中，我们认为在寻找针对呼吸道病毒感染的新的治疗策略时，肺部给药途径应该得到更多的关注。首先，在病毒进入点给予疫苗可以诱导更广泛的免疫反应，利用免疫系统的黏膜分支；其次，将抗病毒药物直接施用于靶部位可提高生物利用度，从而降低剂量并减少副作用的机会。我们进一步阐述了为什么与鼻内给药途径相比，肺部给药途径可能会产生更好的效果，并提供了为什么干粉吸入制剂比标准液体制剂具有显著优势的原因。
