Melot Logan, Thyfault Erica, Hester Kyra, Prausnitz Mark R, Bednarczyk Robert A
Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Hubert Department of Global Health, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Hubert Department of Global Health, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Vaccine. 2025 May 10;55:127038. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127038. Epub 2025 Mar 24.
Vaccination is important for controlling infectious disease; however, there are logistical barriers associated with needle and syringe-based vaccination. Non-needle-based vaccination methods could address many of these barriers and are in pre-clinical and clinical development. New technology is sometimes followed by hesitancy, affecting acceptance and uptake, highlighting the importance of understanding the perceptions of vaccine delivery methods by potential vaccine recipients.
To understand perceptions of non-needle-based vaccination methods in the state of Georgia, we surveyed 427 Georgia residents. Respondents were asked about their perceptions of vaccines and new medical technology, willingness to accept a non-needle-based vaccine, and whether they would recommend specific vaccination devices.
Race and ethnicity were found to impact vaccine hesitancy and trust in new medical developments hesitancy. Of 427 participants, 29.3 % were more likely to accept non-needle-based devices over needle/syringe, 35.1 % were just as likely to accept, 14.4 % were unsure, and 20.6 % indicated that non-needle-based methods would not make them more likely to receive a vaccine. Race, urbanization, insurance status, vaccine hesitancy, and trust in new medical developments affected willingness to accept a non-needle-based vaccine. Needle/syringe vaccine devices were the most accepted method based on a picture and short description (77.6 %), inhaled vaccine devices were the least recommended (46.8 %); nasal spray (64.3 %), jet injector (60.0 %), skin patch (57.3 %), and oral delivery (54.0 %) were between these values.
While needle/syringe is the preferred method of vaccination, there are clear preferences among non-needle-based vaccine delivery methods; however, demographic factors that are associated should be considered as these devices move through clinical testing. Our future work will involve in-depth interviews to further identify important themes affecting vaccine acceptance in Georgia. Due to potential hesitancy, we need to strengthen our understanding of themes associated with vaccine perceptions to enable design of accurate and persuasive materials for physicians and patients.
疫苗接种对于控制传染病至关重要；然而，基于针头和注射器的疫苗接种存在后勤障碍。非针头式疫苗接种方法可以解决其中许多障碍，并且正处于临床前和临床开发阶段。新技术有时会引发犹豫情绪，影响接受度和采用率，这凸显了了解潜在疫苗接种者对疫苗接种方式看法的重要性。
为了解佐治亚州居民对非针头式疫苗接种方法的看法，我们对427名佐治亚州居民进行了调查。受访者被问及他们对疫苗和新医疗技术的看法、接受非针头式疫苗的意愿，以及是否会推荐特定的疫苗接种设备。
发现种族和族裔会影响疫苗犹豫情绪以及对新医疗进展的信任度。在427名参与者中，29.3%的人更有可能接受非针头式设备而非针头/注射器式设备，35.1%的人接受可能性相同，14.4%的人不确定，20.6%的人表示非针头式方法不会使他们更有可能接种疫苗。种族、城市化程度、保险状况、疫苗犹豫情绪以及对新医疗进展的信任度会影响接受非针头式疫苗的意愿。根据图片和简短描述，针头/注射器式疫苗接种设备是最被接受的方法（77.6%），吸入式疫苗接种设备是最不被推荐的（46.8%）；鼻喷雾剂（64.3%）、喷射注射器（60.0%）、皮肤贴片（57.3%）和口服给药（54.0%）介于两者之间。
虽然针头/注射器是首选的疫苗接种方法，但在非针头式疫苗接种方法中存在明显的偏好；然而，在这些设备进行临床试验时，应考虑相关的人口统计学因素。我们未来的工作将包括深入访谈，以进一步确定影响佐治亚州疫苗接受度的重要主题。由于可能存在的犹豫情绪，我们需要加强对与疫苗认知相关主题的理解，以便为医生和患者设计准确且有说服力的材料。
