Wagner Luise, Werle Anna-Leoni A, Hoffmann Antonia, Rahne Torsten, Fengler Anja
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Halle (Saale), University Medicine Halle (Saale), Halle, Germany.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
PLoS One. 2023 Sep 28;18(9):e0291832. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291832. eCollection 2023.
Hearing-impaired listeners often have difficulty understanding complex sentences. It is not clear if perceptual or cognitive deficits have more impact on reduced language processing abilities, and how a hearing aid might compensate for that.
In a prospective study with 5 hearing aid users and 5 normal hearing, age-matched participants, processing of complex sentences was investigated. Audiometric and working memory tests were performed. Subject- and object-initial sentences from the Oldenburg Corpus of Linguistically and audiologically controlled Sentences (OLACS) were presented to the participants during recording of an electroencephalogram (EEG).
The perceptual difference between object and subject leading sentences does not lead to processing changes whereas the ambiguity in object leading sentences with feminine or neuter articles evokes a P600 potential. For hearing aid users, this P600 has a longer latency compared to normal hearing subjects.
The EEG is a suitable method for investigating differences in complex speech processing for hearing aid users. Longer P600 latencies indicate higher cognitive effort for processing complex sentences in hearing aid users.
听力受损的听众通常在理解复杂句子方面存在困难。目前尚不清楚感知或认知缺陷对语言处理能力下降的影响更大，以及助听器如何对此进行补偿。
在一项前瞻性研究中，对5名助听器使用者和5名年龄匹配的听力正常参与者进行了复杂句子处理的研究。进行了听力测定和工作记忆测试。在脑电图（EEG）记录期间，向参与者呈现来自奥尔登堡语言和听力控制句子语料库（OLACS）的主语和宾语起始句子。
宾语和主语引导句子之间的感知差异不会导致处理变化，而带有阴性或中性冠词的宾语引导句子中的歧义会引发P600电位。对于助听器使用者，与听力正常的受试者相比，这种P600的潜伏期更长。
脑电图是研究助听器使用者复杂语音处理差异的合适方法。较长的P600潜伏期表明助听器使用者处理复杂句子时需要更高的认知努力。
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