Albagawi Bander, Alkubati Sameer A, Abdul-Ghani Rashad
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail City, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hodeida University, Hodeida, Yemen.
BMC Nurs. 2023 Sep 28;22(1):342. doi: 10.1186/s12912-023-01504-5.
Nurses have a crucial role in managing, educating, and caring for diabetic patients. However, their knowledge should be regularly assessed to avoid preventable complications and reduce costs. Therefore, the present study assessed the perceived and actual knowledge about diabetes among nurses in Hail province of Saudi Arabia and investigated predictors of such knowledge.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 325 conveniently sampled nurses from all public hospitals and primary healthcare centres in Hail province from September to December 2022. A pre-designed questionnaire was used to collect demographic and practice-related characteristics of the nurses. In addition, data on nurses' perceived and actual knowledge about diabetes were collected using the Diabetes Self-Report Tool (DSRT) and Diabetes Basic Knowledge Tool (DBKT) self-report questionnaires, respectively. The mean knowledge scores for demographic and practice-related variables were compared using the independent-samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance. Multiple linear regression was used to identify significant predictors of perceived and actual knowledge. The correlation between perceived and actual knowledge was investigated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. A P-value ˂0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Based on a highest maximum score of 60 using the DSRT, the mean score of perceived knowledge was 38.4 ± 12.0, corresponding to a percentage mean score of 64%. On the other hand, based on a highest maximum score of 49 using the DBKT, the mean score of actual knowledge was 23.2 ± 9.6, corresponding to a percentage mean score of 47.3% of correct responses. Being Indian, having a diploma or a bachelor's degree, and having a poor or fair self-perception of competence in diabetes care were predictors of lower perceived knowledge scores, whereas having no access to diabetes guidelines was a predictor of higher scores. However, being non-Saudi and having experience of at least 16 years were predictors of higher actual knowledge scores. The correlation between actual and perceived knowledge about diabetes was negligible and statistically non-significant (r = 0.011, P = 0.055).
Nurses affiliated with public health facilities in Hail province lack adequate knowledge about diabetes, with no correlation between what is perceived to be known and what is actually known. Indian citizenship, having a diploma or bachelor's degree, not having access to diabetes guidelines, not attending courses/workshops, and having a poor or fair self-perception of competence in diabetes care can significantly predict nurses' perceived knowledge. However, being non-Saudi (Filipino or Indian) and having at least 16 years of experience can significantly predict their actual knowledge of diabetes.
护士在糖尿病患者的管理、教育和护理中起着至关重要的作用。然而，应定期评估他们的知识水平，以避免可预防的并发症并降低成本。因此，本研究评估了沙特阿拉伯哈伊勒省护士对糖尿病的认知知识和实际知识，并调查了这些知识的预测因素。
2022年9月至12月，对哈伊勒省所有公立医院和基层医疗中心的325名方便抽样的护士进行了一项横断面研究。使用预先设计的问卷收集护士的人口统计学和实践相关特征。此外，分别使用糖尿病自我报告工具（DSRT）和糖尿病基础知识工具（DBKT）自我报告问卷收集护士对糖尿病的认知知识和实际知识数据。使用独立样本t检验和单因素方差分析比较人口统计学和实践相关变量的平均知识得分。采用多元线性回归确定认知知识和实际知识的重要预测因素。使用Pearson相关系数研究认知知识和实际知识之间的相关性。P值˂0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
根据DSRT的最高满分60分，认知知识的平均得分为38.4±12.0，对应平均百分比得分为64%。另一方面，根据DBKT的最高满分49分，实际知识的平均得分为23.2±9.6，对应正确回答的平均百分比得分为47.3%。印度国籍、拥有文凭或学士学位以及对糖尿病护理能力的自我认知较差或一般是认知知识得分较低的预测因素，而无法获取糖尿病指南是得分较高的预测因素。然而，非沙特国籍且至少有16年工作经验是实际知识得分较高的预测因素。糖尿病实际知识与认知知识之间的相关性可忽略不计且无统计学意义（r = 0.011，P = 0.055）。
哈伊勒省公共卫生机构的护士对糖尿病缺乏足够的知识，认知的知识与实际掌握的知识之间没有相关性。印度国籍、拥有文凭或学士学位、无法获取糖尿病指南、未参加课程/研讨会以及对糖尿病护理能力的自我认知较差或一般可显著预测护士的认知知识。然而，非沙特国籍（菲律宾或印度）且至少有16年工作经验可显著预测他们对糖尿病的实际知识。
