Ghantasala Ramya P, Albers Nele, Penfornis Kristell M, van Vliet Milon H M, Brinkman Willem-Paul
Department of Intelligent Systems, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands.
Unit Health Medical and Neuropsychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.
Front Digit Health. 2023 Sep 12;5:1215187. doi: 10.3389/fdgth.2023.1215187. eCollection 2023.
Tailored motivational messages are helpful to motivate people in eHealth applications for increasing physical activity, but it is not sufficiently clear how such messages can be effectively generated in advance. We, therefore, put forward a theory-driven approach to generating tailored motivational messages for eHealth applications for behavior change, and we examine its feasibility by assessing how motivating the resulting messages are perceived. For this, we designed motivational messages with a specific structure that was based on an adaptation of an existing ontology for tailoring motivational messages in the context of physical activity. To obtain tailored messages, experts in health psychology and coaching successfully wrote messages with this structure for personas in scenarios that differed with regard to the persona's mood, self-efficacy, and progress. Based on an experiment in which 60 participants each rated the perceived motivational impact of six generic and six tailored messages based on scenarios, we found credible support for our hypothesis that messages tailored to mood, self-efficacy, and progress are perceived as more motivating. A thematic analysis of people's free-text responses about what they found motivating and demotivating about motivational messages further supports the use of tailored messages, as well as messages that are encouraging and empathetic, give feedback about people's progress, and mention the benefits of physical activity. To aid future work on motivational messages, we make our motivational messages and corresponding scenarios publicly available.
量身定制的激励信息有助于在电子健康应用中激励人们增加身体活动，但目前尚不清楚如何提前有效地生成此类信息。因此，我们提出了一种理论驱动的方法，为电子健康应用中的行为改变生成量身定制的激励信息，并通过评估生成的信息被认为具有多大激励性来检验其可行性。为此，我们设计了具有特定结构的激励信息，该结构基于对现有本体的改编，用于在身体活动背景下量身定制激励信息。为了获得量身定制的信息，健康心理学和教练领域的专家成功地为不同情绪、自我效能感和进展情况的角色编写了具有这种结构的信息。基于一项实验，60名参与者分别根据场景对六条通用信息和六条量身定制的信息的感知激励影响进行评分，我们发现有可靠的证据支持我们的假设，即根据情绪、自我效能感和进展情况量身定制的信息被认为更具激励性。对人们关于激励信息中哪些因素具有激励作用和哪些因素具有消极作用的自由文本回复进行的主题分析进一步支持了使用量身定制的信息，以及那些鼓舞人心且富有同理心、提供关于人们进展的反馈并提及身体活动益处的信息。为了帮助未来关于激励信息的研究工作，我们将我们的激励信息和相应场景公开提供。
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