Persson Emil, Tinghög Gustav
Division of Economics, Department of Management and Engineering, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Medical and Health Sciences, The National Center for Priority Setting in Health Care, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden.
R Soc Open Sci. 2023 Sep 27;10(9):230558. doi: 10.1098/rsos.230558. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Fast-and-slow models of decision-making are commonly invoked to explain economic behaviour. However, past research has focused on human cooperation and generosity and thus largely overlooked situations where there are sharp conflicts between efficiency and equality, or between efficiency and more intuitive moral values (repugnance). Here, we contribute to fill this gap in the literature. We conducted a preregistered experiment ( = 1500 recruited from Prolific) to assess the effects of fast, intuitive decisions, under time pressure versus slow, deliberate decisions, under time delay, on (i) people's distributional preferences and (ii) their attitudes toward repugnant transactions. The results show increased preference for equality and decreased preference for efficiency under time pressure, but no effects on moral repugnance. Exploratory analyses revealed that most of the observed treatment effects in our data were accounted for by women. Our results provide some support for theories that associate controlled cognition with concern for efficiency, and intuitive, emotional responses with inequality aversion.
决策的快速与慢速模型常被用来解释经济行为。然而，过去的研究聚焦于人类合作与慷慨，因此很大程度上忽视了效率与平等之间、或效率与更直观的道德价值观（反感）之间存在尖锐冲突的情况。在此，我们助力填补文献中的这一空白。我们进行了一项预注册实验（从Prolific招募了1500名参与者），以评估在时间压力下的快速、直观决策与在时间延迟下的慢速、审慎决策对（i）人们的分配偏好以及（ii）他们对令人反感交易的态度的影响。结果显示，在时间压力下，对平等的偏好增加，对效率的偏好降低，但对道德反感没有影响。探索性分析表明，我们数据中观察到的大多数处理效应是由女性造成的。我们的结果为将受控认知与对效率的关注、以及直观的情感反应与不平等厌恶联系起来的理论提供了一些支持。
